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2.鏁版嵁瀹氫箟璇█.DDL create drop
3.浜嬪姟鎺у埗璇█.TCL commit rollback savepoint.
4.鏁版嵁鎺у埗璇█.DCL grant revoke.
5.鏁版嵁鎿嶇旱璇█.DML update insert delete
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浠涔堟槸鏁版嵁鎸栨帢
鏁版嵁鎸栨帢(Data Mining)錛屽張縐頒負鏁版嵁搴撲腑鐨勭煡璇嗗彂鐜?Knowledge Discovery in Database, KDD)錛屽氨鏄粠澶ч噺鏁版嵁涓幏鍙栨湁鏁堢殑銆佹柊棰栫殑銆佹綔鍦ㄦ湁鐢ㄧ殑銆佹渶緇堝彲鐞嗚В鐨勬ā寮忕殑闈炲鉤鍑¤繃紼嬶紝綆鍗曠殑璇達紝鏁版嵁鎸栨帢灝辨槸浠庡ぇ閲忔暟鎹腑鎻愬彇鎴?#8220;鎸栨帢”鐭ヨ瘑銆?
騫墮潪鎵鏈夌殑淇℃伅鍙戠幇浠誨姟閮借瑙嗕負鏁版嵁鎸栨帢銆備緥濡傦紝浣跨敤鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗙郴緇熸煡鎵句釜鍒殑璁板綍錛屾垨閫氳繃鍥犵壒緗戠殑鎼滅儲寮曟搸鏌ユ壘鐗瑰畾鐨刉eb欏甸潰錛屽垯鏄俊鎭绱紙information retrieval錛夐鍩熺殑浠誨姟銆傝櫧鐒惰繖浜涗換鍔℃槸閲嶈鐨勶紝鍙兘娑夊強浣跨敤澶嶆潅鐨勭畻娉曞拰鏁版嵁緇撴瀯錛屼絾鏄畠浠富瑕佷緷璧栦紶緇熺殑璁$畻鏈虹瀛︽妧鏈拰鏁版嵁鐨勬槑鏄劇壒寰佹潵鍒涘緩绱㈠紩緇撴瀯錛屼粠鑰屾湁鏁堝湴緇勭粐鍜屾绱俊鎭傚敖綆″姝わ紝鏁版嵁鎸栨帢鎶鏈篃宸茬敤鏉ュ寮轟俊鎭绱㈢郴緇熺殑鑳藉姏銆?br />
鏁版嵁鎸栨帢鐨勮搗婧?/strong>
涓鴻繋鎺ュ墠涓鑺備腑鐨勮繖浜涙寫鎴橈紝鏉ヨ嚜涓嶅悓瀛︾鐨勭爺絀惰呮眹闆嗗埌涓璧鳳紝寮濮嬬潃鎵嬪紑鍙戝彲浠ュ鐞嗕笉鍚屾暟鎹被鍨嬬殑鏇存湁鏁堢殑銆佸彲浼哥緝鐨勫伐鍏楓傝繖浜涘伐浣滃緩绔嬪湪鐮旂┒鑰呭厛鍓嶄嬌鐢ㄧ殑鏂規硶瀛﹀拰綆楁硶涔嬩笂錛屽湪鏁版嵁鎸栨帢棰嗗煙杈懼埌楂樻疆銆傜壒鍒湴錛屾暟鎹寲鎺樺埄鐢ㄤ簡鏉ヨ嚜濡備笅涓浜涢鍩熺殑鎬濇兂錛?1) 鏉ヨ嚜緇熻瀛︾殑鎶芥牱銆佷及璁″拰鍋囪媯楠岋紝(2) 浜哄伐鏅鴻兘銆佹ā寮忚瘑鍒拰鏈哄櫒瀛︿範鐨勬悳绱㈢畻娉曘佸緩妯℃妧鏈拰瀛︿範鐞嗚銆傛暟鎹寲鎺樹篃榪呴熷湴鎺ョ撼浜嗘潵鑷叾浠栭鍩熺殑鎬濇兂錛岃繖浜涢鍩熷寘鎷渶浼樺寲銆佽繘鍖栬綆椼佷俊鎭銆佷俊鍙峰鐞嗐佸彲瑙嗗寲鍜屼俊鎭绱€?br />
涓浜涘叾浠栭鍩熶篃璧峰埌閲嶈鐨勬敮鎾戜綔鐢ㄣ傜壒鍒湴錛岄渶瑕佹暟鎹簱緋葷粺鎻愪緵鏈夋晥鐨勫瓨鍌ㄣ佺儲寮曞拰鏌ヨ澶勭悊鏀寔銆傛簮浜庨珮鎬ц兘錛堝茍琛岋級璁$畻鐨勬妧鏈湪澶勭悊嫻烽噺鏁版嵁闆嗘柟闈㈠父甯告槸閲嶈鐨勩傚垎甯冨紡鎶鏈篃鑳藉府鍔╁鐞嗘搗閲忔暟鎹紝騫朵笖褰撴暟鎹笉鑳介泦涓埌涓璧峰鐞嗘椂鏇存槸鑷沖叧閲嶈銆?br />
鏁版嵁鎸栨帢鑳藉仛浠涔?/strong>
1)鏁版嵁鎸栨帢鑳藉仛浠ヤ笅鍏涓嶅悓浜嬫儏錛堝垎鏋愭柟娉曪級錛?
· 鍒嗙被 錛圕lassification錛?
· 浼板鹼紙Estimation錛?br />
· 棰勮█錛圥rediction錛?
· 鐩稿叧鎬у垎緇勬垨鍏寵仈瑙勫垯錛圓ffinity grouping or association rules錛?
· 鑱氶泦錛圕lustering錛?
· 鎻忚堪鍜屽彲瑙嗗寲錛圖es cription and Visualization錛?
· 澶嶆潅鏁版嵁綾誨瀷鎸栨帢(Text, Web ,鍥懼艦鍥懼儚錛岃棰戯紝闊抽絳?
2)鏁版嵁鎸栨帢鍒嗙被
浠ヤ笂鍏鏁版嵁鎸栨帢鐨勫垎鏋愭柟娉曞彲浠ュ垎涓轟袱綾伙細鐩存帴鏁版嵁鎸栨帢錛涢棿鎺ユ暟鎹寲鎺?
· 鐩存帴鏁版嵁鎸栨帢
鐩爣鏄埄鐢ㄥ彲鐢ㄧ殑鏁版嵁寤虹珛涓涓ā鍨嬶紝榪欎釜妯″瀷瀵瑰墿浣欑殑鏁版嵁錛屽涓涓壒瀹氱殑鍙橀噺錛堝彲浠ョ悊瑙f垚鏁版嵁搴撲腑琛ㄧ殑灞炴э紝鍗沖垪錛夎繘琛屾弿榪般?
· 闂存帴鏁版嵁鎸栨帢
鐩爣涓病鏈夐夊嚭鏌愪竴鍏蜂綋鐨勫彉閲忥紝鐢ㄦā鍨嬭繘琛屾弿榪幫紱鑰屾槸鍦ㄦ墍鏈夌殑鍙橀噺涓緩绔嬭搗鏌愮鍏崇郴 銆?br />
· 鍒嗙被銆佷及鍊箋侀璦灞炰簬鐩存帴鏁版嵁鎸栨帢錛涘悗涓夌灞炰簬闂存帴鏁版嵁鎸栨帢
3)鍚勭鍒嗘瀽鏂規硶鐨勭畝浠?
· 鍒嗙被 錛圕lassification錛?
棣栧厛浠庢暟鎹腑閫夊嚭宸茬粡鍒嗗ソ綾葷殑璁粌闆嗭紝鍦ㄨ璁粌闆嗕笂榪愮敤鏁版嵁鎸栨帢鍒嗙被鐨勬妧鏈紝寤虹珛鍒嗙被妯″瀷錛屽浜庢病鏈夊垎綾葷殑鏁版嵁榪涜鍒嗙被銆?br />
渚嬪瓙錛?br />
a. 淇$敤鍗$敵璇瘋咃紝鍒嗙被涓轟綆銆佷腑銆侀珮椋庨櫓
b. 鍒嗛厤瀹㈡埛鍒伴鍏堝畾涔夌殑瀹㈡埛鍒嗙墖
娉ㄦ剰錛?綾葷殑涓暟鏄‘瀹氱殑錛岄鍏堝畾涔夊ソ鐨?
· 浼板鹼紙Estimation錛?
浼板間笌鍒嗙被綾諱技錛屼笉鍚屼箣澶勫湪浜庯紝鍒嗙被鎻忚堪鐨勬槸紱繪暎鍨嬪彉閲忕殑杈撳嚭錛岃屼及鍊煎鐞嗚繛緇肩殑杈撳嚭錛涘垎綾葷殑綾誨埆鏄‘瀹氭暟鐩殑錛屼及鍊肩殑閲忔槸涓嶇‘瀹氱殑銆?br />
渚嬪瓙錛?
a. 鏍規嵁璐拱妯″紡錛屼及璁′竴涓搴殑瀛╁瓙涓暟
b. 鏍規嵁璐拱妯″紡錛屼及璁′竴涓搴殑鏀跺叆
c. 浼拌real estate鐨勪環鍊?
涓鑸潵璇達紝浼板煎彲浠ヤ綔涓哄垎綾葷殑鍓嶄竴姝ュ伐浣溿傜粰瀹氫竴浜涜緭鍏ユ暟鎹紝閫氳繃浼板鹼紝寰楀埌鏈煡鐨勮繛緇彉閲忕殑鍊鹼紝鐒跺悗錛屾牴鎹鍏堣瀹氱殑闃堝鹼紝榪涜鍒嗙被銆備緥濡傦細閾惰瀵瑰搴捶嬈句笟鍔★紝榪愮敤浼板鹼紝緇欏悇涓鎴瘋鍒嗭紙Score 0~1錛夈傜劧鍚庯紝鏍規嵁闃堝鹼紝灝嗚捶嬈劇駭鍒垎綾匯?
· 棰勮█錛圥rediction錛?
閫氬父錛岄璦鏄氳繃鍒嗙被鎴栦及鍊艱搗浣滅敤鐨勶紝涔熷氨鏄錛岄氳繃鍒嗙被鎴栦及鍊煎緱鍑烘ā鍨嬶紝璇ユā鍨嬬敤浜庡鏈煡鍙橀噺鐨勯璦銆備粠榪欑鎰忎箟涓婅錛岄璦鍏跺疄娌℃湁蹇呰鍒嗕負涓涓崟鐙殑綾匯傞璦鍏剁洰鐨勬槸瀵規湭鏉ユ湭鐭ュ彉閲忕殑棰勬祴錛岃繖縐嶉嫻嬫槸闇瑕佹椂闂存潵楠岃瘉鐨勶紝鍗沖繀欏葷粡榪囦竴瀹氭椂闂村悗錛屾墠鐭ラ亾棰勮█鍑嗙‘鎬ф槸澶氬皯銆?br />
· 鐩稿叧鎬у垎緇勬垨鍏寵仈瑙勫垯錛圓ffinity grouping or association rules錛?
鍐沖畾鍝簺浜嬫儏灝嗕竴璧峰彂鐢熴?
渚嬪瓙錛?br />
a. 瓚呭競涓鎴峰湪璐拱A鐨勫悓鏃訛紝緇忓父浼氳喘涔癇錛屽嵆A => B(鍏寵仈瑙勫垯)
b. 瀹㈡埛鍦ㄨ喘涔癆鍚庯紝闅斾竴孌墊椂闂達紝浼氳喘涔癇 錛堝簭鍒楀垎鏋愶級
· 鑱氶泦錛圕lustering錛?
鑱氶泦鏄璁板綍鍒嗙粍錛屾妸鐩鎬技鐨勮褰曞湪涓涓仛闆嗛噷銆傝仛闆嗗拰鍒嗙被鐨勫尯鍒槸鑱氶泦涓嶄緷璧栦簬棰勫厛瀹氫箟濂界殑綾伙紝涓嶉渶瑕佽緇冮泦銆?
渚嬪瓙錛?br />
a. 涓浜涚壒瀹氱棁鐘剁殑鑱氶泦鍙兘棰勭ず浜嗕竴涓壒瀹氱殑鐤劇梾
b. 縐烿CD綾誨瀷涓嶇浉浼肩殑瀹㈡埛鑱氶泦錛屽彲鑳芥殫紺烘垚鍛樺睘浜庝笉鍚岀殑浜氭枃鍖栫兢
鑱氶泦閫氬父浣滀負鏁版嵁鎸栨帢鐨勭涓姝ャ備緥濡傦紝"鍝竴縐嶇被鐨勪績閿瀵瑰鎴峰搷搴旀渶濂斤紵"錛屽浜庤繖涓 綾婚棶棰橈紝棣栧厛瀵規暣涓鎴峰仛鑱氶泦錛屽皢瀹㈡埛鍒嗙粍鍦ㄥ悇鑷殑鑱氶泦閲岋紝鐒跺悗瀵規瘡涓笉鍚岀殑鑱氶泦錛屽洖絳旈棶棰橈紝鍙兘鏁堟灉鏇村ソ銆?
· 鎻忚堪鍜屽彲瑙嗗寲錛圖es cription and Visualization錛?br />
鏄鏁版嵁鎸栨帢緇撴灉鐨勮〃紺烘柟寮忋?
鏁版嵁鎸栨帢鐨勫晢涓氳儗鏅?/strong>
鏁版嵁鎸栨帢棣栧厛鏄渶瑕佸晢涓氱幆澧冧腑鏀墮泦浜嗗ぇ閲忕殑鏁版嵁錛岀劧鍚庤姹傛寲鎺樼殑鐭ヨ瘑鏄湁浠峰肩殑銆傛湁 浠峰煎鍟嗕笟鑰岃█錛屼笉澶栦箮涓夌鎯呭喌錛氶檷浣庡紑閿錛涙彁楂樻敹鍏ワ紱澧炲姞鑲$エ浠鋒牸銆?br />
鏁版嵁鎸栨帢鎶鏈疄鐜?/strong>
鍦ㄦ妧鏈笂鍙互鏍規嵁瀹冪殑宸ヤ綔榪囩▼鍒嗕負錛氭暟鎹殑鎶藉彇銆佹暟鎹殑瀛樺偍鍜岀鐞嗐佹暟鎹殑灞曠幇絳夊叧閿妧鏈?
銆銆·鏁版嵁鐨勬娊鍙?
銆銆鏁版嵁鐨勬娊鍙栨槸鏁版嵁榪涘叆浠撳簱鐨勫叆鍙c傜敱浜庢暟鎹粨搴撴槸涓涓嫭绔嬬殑鏁版嵁鐜錛屽畠闇瑕侀氳繃鎶藉彇榪囩▼灝嗘暟鎹粠鑱旀満浜嬪姟澶勭悊緋葷粺銆佸閮ㄦ暟鎹簮銆佽劚鏈虹殑鏁版嵁瀛樺偍浠嬭川涓鍏ユ暟鎹粨搴撱傛暟鎹娊鍙栧湪鎶鏈笂涓昏娑夊強浜掕繛銆佸鍒躲佸閲忋佽漿鎹€佽皟搴﹀拰鐩戞帶絳夊嚑涓柟闈㈢殑澶勭悊銆傚湪鏁版嵁鎶藉彇鏂歸潰錛屾湭鏉ョ殑鎶鏈彂灞曞皢闆嗕腑鍦ㄧ郴緇熷姛鑳介泦鎴愬寲鏂歸潰錛屼互閫傚簲鏁版嵁浠撳簱鏈韓鎴栨暟鎹簮鐨勫彉鍖栵紝浣跨郴緇熸洿渚夸簬綆$悊鍜岀淮鎶ゃ?
銆銆·鏁版嵁鐨勫瓨鍌ㄥ拰綆$悊
銆銆鏁版嵁浠撳簱鐨勭粍緇囩鐞嗘柟寮忓喅瀹氫簡瀹冩湁鍒簬浼犵粺鏁版嵁搴撶殑鐗規э紝涔熷喅瀹氫簡鍏跺澶栭儴鏁版嵁鐨勮〃鐜板艦寮忋傛暟鎹粨搴撶鐞嗘墍娑夊強鐨勬暟鎹噺姣斾紶緇熶簨鍔″鐞嗗ぇ寰楀錛屼笖闅忔椂闂寸殑鎺ㄧЩ鑰屽揩閫熺瘡縐傚湪鏁版嵁浠撳簱鐨勬暟鎹瓨鍌ㄥ拰綆$悊涓渶瑕佽В鍐崇殑鏄浣曠鐞嗗ぇ閲忕殑鏁版嵁銆佸浣曞茍琛屽鐞嗗ぇ閲忕殑鏁版嵁銆佸浣曚紭鍖栨煡璇㈢瓑銆傜洰鍓嶏紝璁稿鏁版嵁搴撳巶瀹舵彁渚涚殑鎶鏈В鍐蟲柟妗堟槸鎵╁睍鍏崇郴鍨嬫暟鎹簱鐨勫姛鑳斤紝灝嗘櫘閫氬叧緋繪暟鎹簱鏀歸犳垚閫傚悎鎷呭綋鏁版嵁浠撳簱鐨勬湇鍔″櫒銆?
銆銆·鏁版嵁鐨勫睍鐜?
銆銆鍦ㄦ暟鎹睍鐜版柟闈富瑕佺殑鏂瑰紡鏈夛細
銆銆鏌ヨ錛氬疄鐜伴瀹氫箟鏌ヨ銆佸姩鎬佹煡璇€丱LAP鏌ヨ涓庡喅絳栨敮鎸佹櫤鑳芥煡璇紱鎶ヨ〃錛氫駭鐢熷叧緋繪暟鎹〃鏍箋佸鏉傝〃鏍箋丱LAP琛ㄦ牸銆佹姤鍛婁互鍙婂悇縐嶇患鍚堟姤琛紱鍙鍖栵細鐢ㄦ槗浜庣悊瑙g殑鐐圭嚎鍥俱佺洿鏂瑰浘銆侀ゼ鍥俱佺綉鐘跺浘銆佷氦浜掑紡鍙鍖栥佸姩鎬佹ā鎷熴佽綆楁満鍔ㄧ敾鎶鏈〃鐜板鏉傛暟鎹強鍏剁浉浜掑叧緋伙紱緇熻錛氳繘琛屽鉤鍧囧箋佹渶澶у箋佹渶灝忓箋佹湡鏈涖佹柟宸佹眹鎬匯佹帓搴忕瓑鍚勭緇熻鍒嗘瀽錛涙寲鎺橈細鍒╃敤鏁版嵁鎸栨帢絳夋柟娉曪紝浠庢暟鎹腑寰楀埌鍏充簬鏁版嵁鍏崇郴鍜屾ā寮忕殑鐭ヨ瘑銆?
銆銆
鏁版嵁鎸栨帢涓庢暟鎹粨搴撹瀺鍚堝彂灞?/strong>
銆銆鏁版嵁鎸栨帢鍜屾暟鎹粨搴撶殑鍗忓悓宸ヤ綔錛屼竴鏂歸潰錛屽彲浠ヨ繋鍚堝拰綆鍖栨暟鎹寲鎺樿繃紼嬩腑鐨勯噸瑕佹楠わ紝鎻愰珮鏁版嵁鎸栨帢鐨勬晥鐜囧拰鑳藉姏錛岀‘淇濇暟鎹寲鎺樹腑鏁版嵁鏉ユ簮鐨勫箍娉涙у拰瀹屾暣鎬с傚彟涓鏂歸潰錛屾暟鎹寲鎺樻妧鏈凡緇忔垚涓烘暟鎹粨搴撳簲鐢ㄤ腑鏋佷負閲嶈鍜岀浉瀵圭嫭绔嬬殑鏂歸潰鍜屽伐鍏楓?
銆銆鏁版嵁鎸栨帢鍜屾暟鎹粨搴撴槸铻嶅悎涓庝簰鍔ㄥ彂灞曠殑錛屽叾瀛︽湳鐮旂┒浠峰煎拰搴旂敤鐮旂┒鍓嶆櫙灝嗘槸浠や漢鎸鐨勩傚畠鏄暟鎹寲鎺樹笓瀹躲佹暟鎹粨搴撴妧鏈漢鍛樺拰琛屼笟涓撳鍏卞悓鍔姏鐨勬垚鏋滐紝鏇存槸騫垮ぇ娓存湜浠庢暟鎹簱“濂撮毝”鍒版暟鎹簱“涓諱漢”杞彉鐨勪紒涓氭渶緇堢敤鎴風殑閫氶斻?br />
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棣栧厛錛?/font>collate鏄竴涓瓙鍙ワ紝鍙簲鐢ㄤ簬鏁版嵁搴撳畾涔夋垨鍒楀畾涔変互瀹氫箟鎺掑簭瑙勫垯錛屾垨搴旂敤浜庡瓧絎︿覆琛ㄨ揪寮忎互搴旂敤鎺掑簭瑙勫垯鎶曞獎銆?/span>
璇硶鏄?/font>collate collation_name
collation_name
鍙傛暟collate_name鏄簲鐢ㄤ簬琛ㄨ揪寮忋佸垪瀹氫箟鎴栨暟鎹簱瀹氫箟鐨勬帓搴忚鍒欑殑鍚嶇О銆?/font>collation_name 鍙互鍙槸鎸囧畾鐨?/font> Windows_collation_name 鎴?/font> SQL_collation_name銆?/span>
Windows_collation_name 鏄?/font> Windows 鎺掑簭瑙勫垯鐨勬帓搴忚鍒欏悕縐般傚弬瑙?/font> Windows 鎺掑簭瑙勫垯鍚嶇О銆?/font>
SQL_collation_name 鏄?/font> SQL 鎺掑簭瑙勫垯鐨勬帓搴忚鍒欏悕縐般傚弬瑙?/font> SQL 鎺掑簭瑙勫垯鍚嶇О銆?/font>
涓嬮潰綆鍗曚粙緇嶄竴涓?/font>鎺掑簭瑙勫垯錛?/span>
浠涔堝彨鎺掑簭瑙勫垯鍛紵MS鏄繖鏍鋒弿榪扮殑錛?/font>"鍦?/font> Microsoft SQL Server 2000 涓紝
瀛楃涓茬殑鐗╃悊瀛樺偍鐢辨帓搴忚鍒欐帶鍒躲傛帓搴忚鍒欐寚瀹氳〃紺烘瘡涓瓧絎︾殑浣嶆ā寮忎互鍙婂瓨
鍌ㄥ拰姣旇緝瀛楃鎵浣跨敤鐨勮鍒欍?/font>"
銆銆鍦ㄦ煡璇㈠垎鏋愬櫒鍐呮墽琛屼笅闈㈣鍙ワ紝鍙互寰楀埌SQL銆SERVER鏀寔鐨勬墍鏈夋帓搴忚鍒欍?/span>
銆銆銆銆select * from ::fn_helpcollations()
鎺掑簭瑙勫垯鍚嶇О鐢變袱閮ㄤ喚鏋勬垚錛屽墠鍗婇儴浠芥槸鎸囨湰鎺掑簭瑙勫垯鎵鏀寔鐨勫瓧絎﹂泦銆?/font>
濡傦細
銆銆Chinese_PRC_CS_AI_WS
鍓嶅崐閮ㄤ喚錛氭寚UNICODE瀛楃闆嗭紝Chinese_PRC_鎸囬拡瀵瑰ぇ闄嗙畝浣撳瓧UNICODE鐨勬帓搴忚鍒欍?/font>
鎺掑簭瑙勫垯鐨勫悗鍗婇儴浠藉嵆鍚庣紑 鍚箟錛?/font>
銆銆_BIN 浜岃繘鍒舵帓搴?/font>
銆銆_CI(CS) 鏄惁鍖哄垎澶у皬鍐欙紝CI涓嶅尯鍒嗭紝CS鍖哄垎
銆銆_AI(AS) 鏄惁鍖哄垎閲嶉煶錛?/font>AI涓嶅尯鍒嗭紝AS鍖哄垎銆銆銆
銆銆_KI(KS) 鏄惁鍖哄垎鍋囧悕綾誨瀷,KI涓嶅尯鍒嗭紝KS鍖哄垎銆
_WI(WS) 鏄惁鍖哄垎瀹藉害 WI涓嶅尯鍒嗭紝WS鍖哄垎銆
鍖哄垎澶у皬鍐?/font>:濡傛灉鎯寵姣旇緝灝嗗ぇ鍐欏瓧姣嶅拰灝忓啓瀛楁瘝瑙嗕負涓嶇瓑錛岃閫夋嫨璇ラ夐」銆?/font>
鍖哄垎閲嶉煶:濡傛灉鎯寵姣旇緝灝嗛噸闊沖拰闈為噸闊沖瓧姣嶈涓轟笉絳夛紝璇烽夋嫨璇ラ夐」銆傚鏋滈夋嫨璇ラ夐」錛?/font>
姣旇緝榪樺皢閲嶉煶涓嶅悓鐨勫瓧姣嶈涓轟笉絳夈?/font>
鍖哄垎鍋囧悕:濡傛灉鎯寵姣旇緝灝嗙墖鍋囧悕鍜屽鉤鍋囧悕鏃ヨ闊寵妭瑙嗕負涓嶇瓑錛岃閫夋嫨璇ラ夐」銆?/font>
鍖哄垎瀹藉害:濡傛灉鎯寵姣旇緝灝嗗崐瑙掑瓧絎﹀拰鍏ㄨ瀛楃瑙嗕負涓嶇瓑錛岃閫夋嫨璇ラ夐」
聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽 1錛?strong>鍒涘緩鏁版嵁搴擄紙create錛夛細create database database-name;
聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽 eg. create database test;
聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽 2錛?strong>鍒犻櫎鏁版嵁搴擄細drop database dbname;
聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽 eg.drop database test;
聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽 3錛?strong>鍒涘緩鏂拌〃錛?/strong>create table tabname(col1 type1 [not null] [primary key],col2 type2 [not null],..);
聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽聽eg.鏍規嵁宸叉湁鐨勮〃鍒涘緩鏂拌〃鐨勪緥瀛愶細create table tab_new like tab_old錛沜reate table tab_new as select col1,col2鈥?from tab_old definition only;
聽聽聽聽聽聽 4錛?strong>鍒犻櫎琛細drop table tabname;
聽聽聽聽聽 5錛?strong>澧炲姞鍒楋細alter table tabname add column col type;
聽聽聽聽聽 6錛?strong>娣誨姞涓婚敭錛?alter table tabname add primary key(col) ;
聽聽聽聽聽 7錛?strong>鍒犻櫎涓婚敭錛歛lter table tabname drop primary key(col) ;
聽聽聽聽聽 8錛?strong>鍒涘緩绱㈠紩錛歝reate [unique] index idxname on tabname(col鈥?) ;
聽聽聽聽聽 9錛?strong>鍒犻櫎绱㈠紩錛歞rop index idxname;聽 娉細绱㈠紩鏄笉鍙洿鏀圭殑錛屾兂鏇存敼蹇呴』鍒犻櫎閲嶆柊寤猴紱
聽聽聽聽 10錛?strong>鍒涘緩瑙嗗浘錛歝reate view viewname as select statement;
2. 鏁版嵁鎿嶇旱璇█錛圖ML錛?/strong>
聽聽聽 1錛夋煡璇㈣鍙ワ紙select錛?/strong>
聽聽 eg1. select * from table1 where field1 like '%value1%';
聽聽 eg2. select * from table1 order by field1,field2 [desc];
聽聽 eg3. select count as totalcount from table1;
聽 eg4. select sum(field1) as sumvalue from table1;
聽 eg5. select avg(field1) as avgvalue from table1;
聽 eg6. select max(field1) as maxvalue from table1;
聽 eg7. select min(field1) as minvalue from table1;
聽 eg8. select a.a, a.b, a.c, b.c, b.d, b.f from a LEFT OUT JOIN b ON a.a = b.c;錛堟敞錛氭涓哄乏澶栬繛鎺ワ紝緇撴灉闆嗕腑鍖呮嫭榪炴帴琛ㄧ殑鍖歸厤琛岋紝涔熷寘鎷乏榪炴帴琛ㄧ殑鎵鏈夎錛?/p>
聽聽 2錛夋彃鍏ヨ鍙ワ紙insert錛?/strong>
聽 insert into table1(field1,field2) values(value1,value2);
聽 3錛夊垹闄よ鍙ワ紙delete錛?/strong>
聽聽 delete from table1 where 鑼冨洿;
聽 4錛夋洿鏂拌鍙ワ紙update錛?/strong>
聽聽 update table1 set field1=value1 where 鑼冨洿;
3. 鏁版嵁鎺у埗璇█錛圖CL錛?/strong>
聽聽 1錛夋巿浜堟潈闄愯鍙ワ紙GRANT錛?/strong>
聽聽 GRANT privileges (columns) ON what TO user IDENTIFIED BY "password" WITH GRANT OPTION;
聽聽 鍏朵腑錛歱rivileges鍙負濡備笅闄愬畾絎︼細ALTER 淇敼琛ㄥ拰绱㈠紩銆丆REATE 錛堝垱寤烘暟鎹簱鍜岃〃錛夈丏ELETE錛?鍒犻櫎琛ㄤ腑宸叉湁鐨勮褰曪級銆丏ROP 錛堝垹闄ゆ暟鎹簱鍜岃〃錛夈両NDEX 錛堝垱寤烘垨鍒犻櫎绱㈠紩錛夈両NSERT錛?鍚戣〃涓彃鍏ユ柊琛岋級銆丷EFERENCE錛?鏈敤錛夈丼ELECT 錛堟绱㈣〃涓殑璁板綍錛夈乁PDATE 錛堜慨鏀圭幇瀛樿〃璁板綍錛夈丗ILE 錛堣鎴栧啓鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ笂鐨勬枃浠訛級銆丳ROCESS錛?鏌ョ湅鏈嶅姟鍣ㄤ腑鎵ц鐨勭嚎紼嬩俊鎭垨鏉姝葷嚎紼嬶級銆丷ELOAD 錛堥噸杞芥巿鏉冭〃鎴栨竻絀烘棩蹇椼佷富鏈虹紦瀛樻垨琛ㄧ紦瀛橈級銆丼HUTDOWN錛?鍏抽棴鏈嶅姟鍣級銆丄LL 鎵鏈夛紱ALL PRIVILEGES鍚屼箟璇嶃乁SAGE 錛堢壒孌婄殑鈥滄棤鏉冮檺鈥濇潈闄愶級
聽 columns錛氭潈闄愯繍鐢ㄧ殑鍒楋紝瀹冩槸鍙夌殑錛屽茍涓斾綘鍙兘璁劇疆鍒楃壒瀹氱殑鏉冮檺銆傚鏋滃懡浠ゆ湁澶氫簬涓涓垪錛屽簲璇ョ敤閫楀彿鍒嗗紑瀹冧滑錛?/p>
聽 what錛氭潈闄愯繍鐢ㄧ殑綰у埆銆傛潈闄愬彲浠ユ槸鍏ㄥ眬鐨勶紙閫傜敤浜庢墍鏈夋暟鎹簱鍜屾墍鏈夎〃錛夈佺壒瀹氭暟鎹簱錛堥傜敤浜庝竴涓暟鎹簱涓殑鎵鏈夎〃錛夋垨鐗瑰畾琛ㄧ殑銆傚彲浠ラ氳繃鎸囧畾涓涓猚olumns瀛楀彞鏄潈闄愭槸鍒楃壒瀹氱殑銆?/p>
聽聽 user 錛氭潈闄愭巿浜堢殑鐢ㄦ埛錛屽畠鐢變竴涓敤鎴峰悕鍜屼富鏈哄悕緇勬垚銆侻ySQL涓殑涓涓敤鎴峰悕灝?鎮勬嚁顑樿噧顠曡】欖囨暆浠樓栨尃娌☆灐顛?璇ュ悕瀛椾笉蹇呬笌浣犵殑Unix鐧誨綍鍚嶆垨Windows鍚嶈仈緋昏搗鏉ャ傜己鐪佸湴錛屽鏋滀綘涓嶆槑紜寚瀹氫竴涓悕瀛楋紝瀹㈡埛紼嬪簭灝嗕嬌鐢?br />浣犵殑鐧誨綍鍚嶄綔涓篗ySQL鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶃傝繖鍙槸涓涓害瀹氥備綘鍙互鍦ㄦ巿鏉冭〃涓皢璇ュ悕瀛楁敼涓簄obody錛岀劧鍚庝互nobody榪炴帴
鎵ц闇瑕佽秴綰х敤鎴鋒潈闄愮殑鎿嶄綔銆?/p>
聽聽 password錛氳祴浜堢敤鎴風殑鍙d護錛屽畠鏄彲閫夌殑銆傚鏋滀綘瀵規柊鐢ㄦ埛娌℃湁鎸囧畾IDENTIFIED BY瀛愬彞錛岃鐢ㄦ埛涓嶈祴緇欏彛浠わ紙涓嶅畨鍏級銆傚鐜版湁鐢ㄦ埛錛屼換浣曚綘鎸囧畾鐨勫彛浠ゅ皢浠f浛鑰佸彛浠ゃ傚鏋滀綘涓嶆寚瀹氬彛浠わ紝鑰佸彛浠や繚鎸佷笉鍙橈紝褰撲綘鐢↖DENTIFIED BY
鏃訛紝鍙d護瀛楃涓茬敤鏀圭敤鍙d護鐨勫瓧闈㈠惈涔夛紝GRANT灝嗕負浣犵紪鐮佸彛浠わ紝涓嶈璞′綘鐢⊿ET PASSWORD 閭f牱浣跨敤password()
鍑芥暟銆?/p>
聽聽聽 WITH GRANT OPTION瀛愬彞鏄彲閫夌殑銆傚鏋滀綘鍖呭惈瀹冿紝鐢ㄦ埛鍙互鎺堜簣鏉冮檺閫氳繃GRANT璇彞鎺堟潈緇欏叾瀹冪敤鎴楓備綘鍙互鐢ㄨ瀛愬彞緇欎笌鍏跺畠鐢ㄦ埛鎺堟潈鐨勮兘鍔涖?/p>
聽聽 鐢ㄦ埛鍚嶃佸彛浠ゃ佹暟鎹簱鍜岃〃鍚嶅湪鎺堟潈琛ㄨ褰曚腑鏄ぇ灝忓啓鏁忔劅鐨勶紝涓繪満鍚嶅拰鍒楀悕涓嶆槸銆?br />聽聽 eg1. 鍒涘緩涓涓秴綰х敤鎴穞est1
聽聽聽聽 grant all privilleges on *.* to test1@localhost identified by '123456' with grant option;
聽聽 eg2.聽 鍒涘緩涓涓彧鑳芥煡璇㈢殑鐢ㄦ埛 test2
mysql> grant select on *.* to test2@localhost identified by '9876543';
聽聽聽聽 2) 鎾ゆ潈騫跺垹闄ょ敤鎴鳳紙revoke錛?/strong>
聽聽聽聽 瑕佸彇娑堜竴涓敤鎴風殑鏉冮檺錛屼嬌鐢≧EVOKE璇彞銆俁EVOKE鐨勮娉曢潪甯哥被浼間簬GRANT璇彞錛岄櫎浜員O鐢‵ROM鍙栦唬騫朵笖娌℃湁INDETIFED BY鍜學ITH GRANT OPTION瀛愬彞錛?br />
聽聽聽聽 revoke privileges (columns) ON what FROM user
聽聽聽聽 user閮ㄥ垎蹇呴』鍖歸厤鍘熸潵GRANT璇彞鐨勪綘鎯蟲挙鏉冪殑鐢ㄦ埛鐨剈ser閮ㄥ垎銆俻rivileges閮ㄥ垎涓嶉渶鍖歸厤錛屼綘鍙互鐢℅RANT
璇彞鎺堟潈錛岀劧鍚庣敤REVOKE璇彞鍙挙閿閮ㄥ垎鏉冮檺銆俁EVOKE璇彞鍙垹闄ゆ潈闄愶紝鑰屼笉鍒犻櫎鐢ㄦ埛銆傚嵆浣夸綘鎾ら攢浜嗘墍鏈?br />鏉冮檺錛屽湪user琛ㄤ腑鐨勭敤鎴瘋褰曚緷鐒朵繚鐣欙紝榪欐剰鍛崇潃鐢ㄦ埛浠嶇劧鍙互榪炴帴鏈嶅姟鍣ㄣ傝瀹屽叏鍒犻櫎涓涓敤鎴鳳紝浣犲繀欏?br />鐢ㄤ竴鏉ELETE璇彞鏄庣‘浠巙ser琛ㄤ腑鍒犻櫎鐢ㄦ埛璁板綍錛?br />
聽聽聽 #mysql -u root mysql
聽聽聽 DELETE FROM user WHERE User="user_name" and Host="host_name";
聽聽聽 FLUSH PRIVILEGES;銆
聽聽 DELETE璇彞鍒犻櫎鐢ㄦ埛璁板綍錛岃孎LUSH璇彞鍛婅瘔鏈嶅姟鍣ㄩ噸杞芥巿鏉冭〃銆傦紙褰撲綘浣跨敤GRANT鍜孯EVOKE璇彞鏃訛紝琛ㄨ嚜鍔ㄩ噸杞斤紝鑰屼綘鐩存帴淇敼鎺堟潈琛ㄦ椂涓嶆槸銆傦級
聽聽聽聽 eg. 鍒犻櫎鐢ㄦ埛test1
聽聽聽 聽revoke all on *.* from test2@localhost;
聽聽聽聽 use mysql;
聽聽聽聽 delete from user where user='test' and host='localhost';
聽聽聽聽 flush privileges;
聽聽聽聽聽3錛夋彁浜よ鍙ワ紙commit錛?/strong>
聽聽聽聽聽4錛夊洖婊氳鍙ワ紙rollback錛?/strong>