Rique — Thu, 12 Mar 2009 10:12:00 GMT

Grails是个典型的遵照MVC模式开发的框架�Q�至��包含了(ji��n)以下3个部分：(x��)控制�?Controllers)、领�?Domain)对象(模型)、视�?Views)。既然环境配�|�好�?ji��n)，Hello��目的基本构架也通过grails create-app hello创徏好了(ji��n)�Q�下面进入第一个grails例子�?br />
�q�入hello��目文�g�?>cd hello)�Q�输�?grails create-controller hello

1E:\Groovy\projects\hello>grails create-controller hello
2
3Welcome to Grails 1.0.4 - http://grails.org/
4Licensed under Apache Standard License 2.0
5Grails home is set to: E:\Groovy\grails-1.0.4
6
7Base Directory: E:\Groovy\projects\hello
8Note: No plugin scripts found
9Running script E:\Groovy\grails-1.0.4\scripts\CreateController.groovy
10Environment set to development
11     [copy] Copying 1 file to E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app\controllers
12Created Controller for Hello
13    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app\views\hello
14     [copy] Copying 1 file to E:\Groovy\projects\hello\test\integration
15Created ControllerTests for Hello

�q�样�Q�在grails-app/controller目录下自动生成HelloController.groovy文�g�Q�同时grails-test下生成HelloControllerTest.groovy��试文�g�?br /> 我们�~�辑HelloController控制器，在index{}中输出Hello World.其中�Q�index是系�l�默认的操作�Q�相当于JSP中的index.jsp�?br />

1 class HelloController {
2 def index = {render 'Hello world!' }
3 }

�q�行��目 grails run-app

1E:\Groovy\projects\hello>grails run-app
2
3Welcome to Grails 1.0.4 - http://grails.org/
4Licensed under Apache Standard License 2.0
5Grails home is set to: E:\Groovy\grails-1.0.4
6
7Base Directory: E:\Groovy\projects\hello
8Note: No plugin scripts found
9Running script E:\Groovy\grails-1.0.4\scripts\RunApp.groovy
10Environment set to development
11  [groovyc] Compiling 7 source files to C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\.grails\1.0.4\projects\hello\classes
12[native2ascii] Converting 11 files from E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app\i18n to C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\.grails\1.0.4\projects\hello\resources\grails-app\i18n
13     [copy] Copying 1 file to C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\.grails\1.0.4\projects\hello\classes
14     [copy] Copying 1 file to C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\.grails\1.0.4\projects\hello\resources
15     [copy] Copying 1 file to C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator\.grails\1.0.4\projects\hello
16Running Grails application..
172009-03-12 20:00:01.183::INFO:  Logging to STDERR via org.mortbay.log.StdErrLog
182009-03-12 20:00:01.402::INFO:  jetty-6.1.12
192009-03-12 20:00:02.652::INFO:  No Transaction manager found - if your webapp requires one, please configure one.
202009-03-12 20:00:02.308:/hello:INFO:  Set web app root system property: 'hello-development-0.1' = [E:\Groovy\projects\hello\web-app]
212009-03-12 20:00:02.308:/hello:INFO:  Initializing log4j from [file:C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator/.grails/1.0.4/projects/hello/resources/log4j.properties]
222009-03-12 20:00:02.340:/hello:INFO:  Initializing Spring root WebApplicationContext
23[0] spring.GrailsWebApplicationContext Refreshing org.codehaus.groovy.grails.commons.spring.GrailsWebApplicationContext@396c7: display name [org.codehaus.groovy.grails.commons.spring.GrailsWebApplicationContext@396c7]; startup date [Thu Mar 12 20:00:05 CST 2009]; parent: org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext@1e7c609
24[0] spring.GrailsWebApplicationContext Bean factory for application context [org.codehaus.groovy.grails.commons.spring.GrailsWebApplicationContext@396c7]: org.springframework.beans.factory.support.DefaultListableBeanFactory@c4c05
252009-03-12 20:00:08.179:/hello:INFO:  Initializing Spring FrameworkServlet 'grails'
262009-03-12 20:00:09.445::INFO:  Started SelectChannelConnector@0.0.0.0:8080
27Server running. Browse to http://localhost:8080/hello

打开��览器，输入http://localhost:8080/hello/hello/index 查看�q�行�l�果

地址栏中�Q�第一个hello为项目名�Q�第二hello为控制器名，index为操作名�?br />
最基本的一个入门程序写完了(ji��n)�Q�除�?ji��n)手工编写外�Q�我们还可以使用NetBeans作�ؓ(f��)开发IDE�Q�大大简化开发流�E�。至��不用记那么多命令了(ji��n)哈！

Rique 2009-03-12 18:12 发表评论

Rique — Tue, 10 Mar 2009 03:19:00 GMT

首先�Q�让我们来搭��v开发Grails的环境。在Windows�q�_��下，他的配置和Java的环境十分相��|��那我们一步一步开始吧�Q?br /> 一、下载最新的发布版本�Q?a >http://www.grails.org.解压后备用。本人把解压后的文�g�|�于Grooy目录下。（以后的开发都在Groovy目录下完成，最好再��Z��目录projects�Q?br /> 二、设�|�GRAILS_HOME环境变量�Q�类��g��Java环境变量�Q�找到解压后的根目录�Q�如:E:\Groovy\grails-1.0.4
三、将GRAILS_HOME加入到PATH中，%GRAILS_HOME%/bin

OK�Q�现在测试一下，命��o(h��)行下输入grails�Q�如图：(x��)

好了(ji��n)�Q�准备工作就�l�，让我们开始介�l�几个简单的命��o(h��)吧！

命��o(h��)行下输入grails help�Q�先来看看grails的基本命令吧

1C:\>grails help
2
3Welcome to Grails 1.0.4 - http://grails.org/
4Licensed under Apache Standard License 2.0
5Grails home is set to: E:\Groovy\grails-1.0.4
6
7Base Directory: C:\
8Note: No plugin scripts found
9Running script E:\Groovy\grails-1.0.4\scripts\Help.groovy
10Environment set to development
11
12        Usage (optionals marked with *):
13        grails [environment]* [target] [arguments]*
14
15        Examples:
16        grails dev run-app
17        grails create-app books
18
19        Available Targets (type grails help 'target-name' for more info):
20grails bootstrap
21grails bug-report
22grails clean
23grails compile
24grails console
25grails create-app
26grails create-controller
27grails create-domain-class
28grails create-filters
29grails create-integration-test
30grails create-plugin
31grails create-script
32grails create-service
33grails create-tag-lib
34grails create-unit-test
35grails doc
36grails generate-all
37grails generate-controller
38grails generate-views
39grails help
40grails init
41grails install-plugin
42grails install-templates
43grails list-plugins
44grails package
45grails package-plugin
46grails plugin-info
47grails release-plugin
48grails run-app
49grails run-app-https
50grails run-war
51grails set-proxy
52grails set-version
53grails shell
54grails stats
55grails test-app
56grails upgrade
57grails war

前面是命令格式介�l�，后面�?0-57行��d��38条命令，在应用中�?x��)逐一介绍�?br /> 其中�Q�应用创建命令grails create-app最为常用，它会(x��)为我们创��Z��个标准的规范化的grails应用框架目录。如图，

1E:\Groovy\projects>grails create-app hello
2
3Welcome to Grails 1.0.4 - http://grails.org/
4Licensed under Apache Standard License 2.0
5Grails home is set to: E:\Groovy\grails-1.0.4
6
7Base Directory: E:\Groovy\projects
8Note: No plugin scripts found
9Running script E:\Groovy\grails-1.0.4\scripts\CreateApp.groovy
10Environment set to development
11    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\src
12    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\src\java
13    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\src\groovy
14    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app
15    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app\controllers
16    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app\services
17    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app\domain
18    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app\taglib
19    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app\utils
20    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app\views
21    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app\views\layouts
22    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app\i18n
23    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app\conf
24    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\test
25    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\test\unit
26    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\test\integration
27    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\scripts
28    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\web-app
29    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\web-app\js
30    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\web-app\css
31    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\web-app\images
32    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\web-app\META-INF
33    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\lib
34    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app\conf\spring
35    [mkdir] Created dir: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app\conf\hibernate
36[propertyfile] Creating new property file: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\application.properties
37     [copy] Copying 2 files to E:\Groovy\projects\hello
38     [copy] Copied 1 empty directory to 1 empty directory under E:\Groovy\projects\hello
39     [copy] Copying 2 files to E:\Groovy\projects\hello\web-app\WEB-INF
40     [copy] Copying 5 files to E:\Groovy\projects\hello\web-app\WEB-INF\tld
41     [copy] Copying 28 files to E:\Groovy\projects\hello\web-app
42     [copy] Copying 18 files to E:\Groovy\projects\hello\grails-app
43     [copy] Copying 1 file to E:\Groovy\projects\hello
44     [copy] Copying 1 file to E:\Groovy\projects\hello
45     [copy] Copying 1 file to E:\Groovy\projects\hello
46     [copy] Copying 1 file to E:\Groovy\projects\hello
47[propertyfile] Updating property file: E:\Groovy\projects\hello\application.properties
48Created Grails Application at E:\Groovy\projects/hello

Hello是我们创建的�W�一个grails应用�Q�grails自动为我们创建必要的目录�l�构�?br />
下节我们��基于这个目录结构，�q�行�W�一个入门的HelloWorld应用开发�?br />

Rique 2009-03-10 11:19 发表评论

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