瀹炶返鎸囧崡
鍘熸枃錛?A >Spring Web Flows - A Practical Guide
Author: Erwin Vervaet (Mail To)
translator: Dorian Shi (Mail To)
榪欑瘒鏂囩珷浠嬬粛浜?Spring Web Flows銆傜敤瀹炰緥鏉ヨ鏄庡熀浜?Web Flow 鐨勫師鐞嗐傛枃绔犱篃鎻愪緵浜嗕竴涓嬌鐢?Web Flow 鍜?Spring 妗嗘灦鏉ユ瀯寤?Web 搴旂敤鐨勫疄璺墊寚鍗?
鍋囧畾璇昏呭凡緇忎簡瑙ｄ竴浜?J2EE Web 搴旂敤銆乆ML銆丼pirng 妗嗘灦錛屽綋鐒惰繕鏈?Spring 鐨?Web MVC 妗嗘灦銆備綘鍙互鏌ョ湅璧勬簮鏉ヤ簡瑙ｈ繖浜涗俊鎭?/P>
浠?緇?/FONT>
鍦ㄤ竴涓?Web 搴旂敤紼嬪簭涓紶緇熺殑瀹氫箟涓涓〉闈㈡祦紼嬫槸涓涓竴鐐逛篃涓嶇洿瑙傜殑榪囩▼銆傚儚 Struts 鍜?Spring 榪欐牱鐨勬鏋朵績浣夸綘鎶婇〉闈㈡祦紼嬫斁榪涘崟鐙殑鎺у埗鍣ㄥ拰瑙嗗浘涓備婦涓緥瀛愶細Struts 浼氭妸璇鋒眰鏄犲皠鍒頒竴涓?Action銆傝繖涓?Action 浼氶夋嫨涓涓鍥懼茍杞彂鍒拌繖涓鍥俱傝櫧鐒惰繖鏄竴涓畝鍗曞茍涓斿疄鐢ㄧ殑鏂規硶錛屼絾瀹冩湁涓涓富瑕佺殑緙虹偣錛氬埌 Action 鐨勫畾涔夋枃浠?struts-config.xml 涓湅鐪嬶紝Web 搴旂敤紼嬪簭鐨勬墍鏈夐〉闈㈡祦紼嬩竴鐐逛篃涓嶆竻鏅般傚洜涓?Action 涓嶈兘綆鍗曠殑琚噸鐢紝鐏墊椿鎬у悓鏍蜂篃浼氶伃鍒版崯瀹熾?/P>
Spring Web MVC 妗嗘灦鎻愪緵浜嗕竴涓粏寰殑楂樼駭鍔熻兘錛氳〃鍗曟帶鍒跺櫒鎵ц涓涓鍏堝畾涔夊ソ鐨勫伐浣滄祦銆傛湁涓ょ鎺у埗鍣ㄦ彁渚涗簡榪欎竴鐗規э細SimpleFormController 鍜?AbstractWizardFormController銆傜劧鑰?榪欎簺浠嶆棫鏄竴縐嶄竴鑸寲鐨勭‖緙栫爜鐨勫伐浣滄祦姒傚康銆?/P>
鍒拌繖閲屽氨瑕佸紩鍏?Spring 鐨?Web Flow 浜嗐傚畠鍏佽浣犵敤娓呮櫚綆鍗曠殑鏂瑰紡灞曠幇 Web 搴旂敤鐨勯〉闈㈡祦紼嬨傚氨鍍忔垜浠鐪嬪埌鐨勪竴鏍鳳紝浠栨湁璁稿鏈夌偣錛?/P>
- 涓涓?Web 搴旂敤鐨勯〉闈㈡祦紼嬮氳繃 Web Flow 瀹氫箟鏂囦歡(涓涓?XML 鏂囦歡)娓呮鐨勫睍鐜板嚭鏉ャ?
- Web Flow 鍙互琚璁℃垚鑷寘鍚殑(slef contained)銆傝繖鎰忓懗鐫鍏佽浣犲湪寰堝鎯呭艦涓妸浣犲簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忕殑涓閮ㄥ垎鐪嬫垚涓涓粍浠跺茍涓斾嬌涔嬮噸鐢ㄣ?
- Web Flow 鍙互鍦ㄤ竴涓?Web 搴旂敤涓繪槸浣跨敤涓鏍風殑鎵嬫硶鏉ュ畾涔変換浣曞悎鐞嗙殑欏甸潰嫻佺▼銆備綘鏃犻渶鍦ㄩ潪甯哥壒孌婄殑鎯呭喌涓嬭榪嬌鐢ㄤ笓闂ㄧ殑鎺у埗鍣ㄣ?
鐜板湪 Web Flow 鏈夎凍澶熺殑鑳藉姏琛ㄧず鐢變竴緋誨垪 State 緇勬垚鐨勪竴涓?Web 嫻佺▼銆?EM>State 鏄簨浠跺彂鐢熺殑嫻佺▼鐐癸細涓句緥鏉ヨ灝辨槸鏄劇ず涓涓鍥炬垨鑰呮墽琛屼竴涓?Action銆傛瘡涓?State 鏈変竴涓垨澶氫釜 transitions 錛屼粬浠範鎯簬浠庝竴涓?State 杞埌鍙︿竴涓?State 銆備竴涓?transitions 琚竴涓?Event 鎵瑙﹀彂銆?涓轟簡璁╀綘瀵?Web 嫻佺▼鏈変竴涓ぇ姒傜殑鍗拌薄錛屼笅闈㈣繖孌?XML 瀹氫箟浜嗕竴涓?Web 嫻佺▼錛屽ぇ鑷寸瓑鏁堜簬瀹炵幇涓涓?SimpleFormController 鐨勫伐浣滄祦 銆傚浜庤繖涓?Web 嫻佺▼鐨勫師鐞嗗皢鍦ㄦ湰鏂囩殑紼嶅悗璇︾粏璇存槑銆?/P>
鐔熸倝涓氬姟榪囩▼綆＄悊(BPM) 鐨勮鑰呭皢璁よ瘑鍒?Web 嫻佺▼鏄櫘閫氬伐浣滄祦鐨勪竴涓壒渚嬶紝鎵浠ヤ粬浠湪鐞嗚涓婂彲浠ヤ嬌鐢ㄥ儚 JBMP(璇鋒煡鐪?A HREF="/dorian/admin/EditPosts.aspx#ResAndRef">璧勬簮) 鏉ュ疄鐜頒竴鑸寲鐨?BMP 緋葷粺銆傛棦鐒剁畝鍗曟槸 Spring Web Flow 鐨勯噸瑕佽璁＄洰鐨勶紝鎵浠ュ畠涓嶄細鍘諱嬌鐢ㄨ繖縐嶄竴鑸寲鐨勫伐浣滄祦寮曟搸銆傚湪鎴戜滑 Web 搴旂敤涓紝鎴戜滑浼氱敤涓涓畝鍗曠殑 Web 嫻佺▼鏉ユ弿榪頒竴涓〉闈㈢殑嫻佺▼銆?/P>
鏈枃鐨勫墿浣欓儴鍒嗕細鐢ㄤ竴涓疄渚嬫潵璇存槑榪欐柟闈㈠唴瀹癸紝鍙互浣跨敤榪欎釜榪炴帴鏉ヤ笅杞芥簮浠ｇ爜錛?A HREF="/Files/dorian/PhoneBook.war.zip">PhoneBook.war.zip 銆傜幇鍦ㄤ笅杞藉茍瑙ｅ帇緙╄繖涓枃浠跺彲鑳芥槸涓ソ娉ㄦ剰錛屽畠鑳藉鍦ㄤ綘闃呰鏂囩珷鐨勬椂鍊欏府鍔╀綘瀛︿範銆?/P>
瀹?渚?/FONT>
瀹炰緥鏄竴涓嬌鐢?Spring Web Flow 鐨勭數璇濈翱搴旂敤紼嬪簭錛屾垜浠皢浣跨敤鍥捐В鐨勬柟寮忔潵璇存槑浠栫殑鍔熻兘鎰忓浘銆傝繖鏄竴涓吀鍨嬬殑鍏徃鍐呯綉鐨勫簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忥紝浣犱細鍙戠幇澶ч儴鍒嗗姛鑳藉彲鑳戒綘宸茬粡鐔熸倝浠栫殑姒傚康浜嗐備粬涓昏鍏佽浣犱嬌鐢ㄤ竴浜涙爣鍑嗘潵鏌ユ壘鍏徃鐨勬煇浣嶈亴鍛樸備竴鏃﹀綋浣犲彂鐜頒簡鏌愪釜閫傚綋鍦頒漢錛屼綘灝卞彲浠ユ洿榪涗竴姝ョ殑鏌ョ湅浠栫殑淇℃伅錛屽儚鐢佃瘽鍙風爜銆佸姙鍏浣嶇疆銆佷粬鐨勭粡鐞嗘槸璋併佷粬鐨勫悓浜嬫湁閭ｄ簺絳夌瓑銆傚浘1鐨勮崏鍥炬弿緇樹簡榪欎釜鐢佃瘽綈垮簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忕殑鍩烘湰闇姹傚拰欏甸潰嫻佺▼銆?/P>
鍥?1. 瀹炰緥姒傝
灝卞儚鑽夊浘鎻忚堪鐨勯偅鏍鳳紝搴旂敤紼嬪簭瀹為檯鏈変袱涓ā鍧楃粍鎴? Search 妯″潡鍏佽鎴戜滑鏌ユ壘涓涓垜浠鐨勪漢錛岃?Detail 妯″潡鍒欐樉紺烘煡鎵懼埌榪欎釜浜虹殑璇︾粏淇℃伅銆係earch 妯″潡灝嗕細浣跨敤 Detail 妯″潡鏉ユ樉紺烘煡璇㈢粨鏋滀腑鏌愪漢鐨勮緇嗕俊鎭傝崏鍥懼悓鏍鋒樉紺轟簡鎴戜滑鍙互鍦ㄦ槑緇嗛〉鐩存帴璁塊棶琚煡浜哄悓浜嬬殑鏄庣粏銆傝繖鎰忓懗鐫 Detail 妯″潡鍙互閫掑綊浣跨敤 Detail 妯″潡鏉ユ樉紺哄悓浜嬬殑鏄庣粏銆?/P>
鏂囩珷紼嶅悗錛屽皢鐪嬪埌鎴戜滑鍙互鍦ㄤ竴涓崟鐙殑 Web 嫻佺▼涓畾涔夊悇涓ā鍧椼傝繖鎰忓懗鐫鎴戜滑浼氭湁涓や釜嫻佺▼錛氫竴涓?Search 嫻佺▼鍜屼竴涓?Detail 嫻佺▼銆?/P>
鍥犱負鏈枃鐨勭劍鐐規槸瀹炵幇搴旂敤紼嬪簭鐨?Web 鎺ュ彛錛屾墍浠ユ垜浠皢浼氭彁渚涘寘鍚簡紜紪鐮佸搼鏁版嵁鐨勫熀鏈笟鍔″眰銆傞鍩熷璞¤鍖呭惈鍦╟om.ervacon.springframework.samples.phonebook.domain 鍖呬腑銆傛垜浠湁 4 涓笟鍔＄被錛?
- Person 鈥?涓涓畝鍗曠殑 JavaBean 鍖呭惈浜哄憳鐨勪俊鎭?(鍚? 濮? 鐢佃瘽鍙風爜 ...)銆侾erson 瀵硅薄浣跨敤 User Id 鏉ュ敮涓璇嗗埆,鏄?UserId 綾葷殑涓涓疄渚嬨備竴涓?Person 綾誨悓鏍蜂篃緇存姢浠栧悓浜嬩滑鐨勫紩鐢?鍚屾牱閮芥槸 Person 綾葷殑瀹炰緥銆?
- UserId 鈥?榪欐槸涓涓富瑕佸璞＄敤鏉ヨ瘑鍒竴涓?Person銆?
- PhoneBookQuery 鈥?涓涓煡璇㈠璞★紝鍦ㄧ數璇濈翱涓弿榪頒竴涓煡璇€傛垜浠彲浠ユ槸浣跨敤濮擄紝鍚嶆垨鑰呭鍚嶆潵鏌ヨ銆?
- PhoneBook 鈥?鎴戜滑鐨勪富瑕佷笟鍔￠棬闈?Business Facade)銆傝繖涓被浠呬粎瀹氫箟浜嗕竴浜涘搼鏁版嵁鍜屼袱涓笟鍔℃柟娉曪細
- public List query(PhoneBookQuery query)
- public Person getPerson(UserId userId)
紜畾濂戒笟鍔″姛鑳芥у悗錛屾垜浠噯澶囦嬌鐢?Spring Web Flow 鏉ヤ負鐢佃瘽綈垮簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忓紑鍙?Web 鎺ュ彛銆?/P>
璁劇疆 Spring MVC
鍦ㄦ垜浠紑濮嬩嬌鐢?Web Flow 涔嬪墠錛屾垜浠渶瑕侀厤緗竴涓熀鏈殑 Spring Web 搴旂敤紼嬪簭銆傝鍋氱殑絎竴浠朵簨鏄垜浠繀欏葷‘瀹氬湪 /WEB-INF/lib 鐩綍涓嬫湁鎴戜滑鎵瑕佺殑 jar 鏂囦歡銆備竴涓?Spring Web Flow 鐨勫簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忛渶瑕?涓猨ar鍦ㄧ被璺繘涓? 鍖呭惈 Spring 妗嗘灦鑷韓鐨?Spring.jar;鍖呭惈 Web Flow 鎺у埗鍣ㄥ疄鐜扮殑 webflow.jar; 璁板綍鏃ュ織鎵闇鐨?commons-logging.jar 鍜岀敤鏉ヨ鍙栧拰鍒嗘瀽 Web Flow XML 鏂囦歡鐨?jdom.jar;
鐢變簬榪欏皢鏄竴涓爣鍑嗙殑 J2EE Web 搴旂敤紼嬪簭,鎵浠ラ渶瑕佸湪 /WEB-INF 鐩綍涓嬫湁涓涓?web.xml 閮ㄧ講鏂囦歡銆備笅闈㈡槸姝ら儴緗叉弿榪版枃浠剁殑浠ｇ爜錛屽畠鎻忚堪浜嗗涓嬩簨鐗╋細
- contextLoader servlet,褰?Servlet 寮曟搸(濡?Tomcat )鍦ㄥ姞杞芥垜浠殑 Web 搴旂敤紼嬪簭鐨勬椂鍊欒繘琛屽垵濮嬪寲銆?
- 涓涓悕涓?phoneBook 鐨?Spring Dispatcher Servlet銆傝繖涓?Servlet 閰嶇疆浜嗗鐞嗘墍鏈夌浉鍖歸厤鐨勮姹?(濡?/phoneBook/*)銆?
- index.jsp 灝嗕細鎴愪負搴旂敤紼嬪簭鐨勬榪庨〉闈€?
- 瀹炰緥鐨?JSP 欏甸潰浣跨敤鍒頒簡 Spring 鐨?鏍囩搴?鎵浠ユ垜浠渶瑕佸０鏄庡畠銆傚疄闄呯殑 TLD 鏂囦歡瀛樺偍鍦?/WEB-INF/tld 鐩綍涓嬨?
xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>2
DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN"3
"http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd">4
<web-app id="WebApp">5
<servlet>6
<servlet-name>contextLoaderservlet-name>7
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderServletservlet-class>8
<load-on-startup>1load-on-startup>9
servlet>10
<servlet>11
<servlet-name>phoneBookservlet-name>12
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServletservlet-class>13
<load-on-startup>2load-on-startup>14
servlet>15
<servlet-mapping>16
<servlet-name>phoneBookservlet-name>17
<url-pattern>/phoneBook/*url-pattern>18
servlet-mapping>19
<welcome-file-list>20
<welcome-file>index.jspwelcome-file>21
welcome-file-list>22
<taglib>23
<taglib-uri>/WEB-INF/tld/spring.tldtaglib-uri>24
<taglib-location>/WEB-INF/tld/spring.tldtaglib-location>25
taglib>26
web-app>鍦?Spring MVC 搴旂敤紼嬪簭涓紝鎴戜滑闇瑕佷竴涓?Spring 搴旂敤紼嬪簭涓婁笅鏂囥傚畠鏄綘鍦ㄥ簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忎笂涓嬫枃涓畾涔変笟鍔″璞℃渶濂界殑鍦版柟銆傝繖鏍蜂綘灝辮兘澶熷共鍑鐨勫尯鍒嗕綘鐨勪笟鍔″璞″拰浠諱綍 Web 搴旂敤宸ヤ歡(artifacts)銆傝鎴戜滑璺熼殢榪欎釜緇冧範鍒涘緩涓涓?/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml 鏂囦歡鏉ュ畾涔夋垜浠殑涓氬姟闂ㄩ潰錛歱honeBook Bean銆?/FONT>
xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>2
DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"3
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">4
<beans>5
<bean id="phoneBook" class="com.ervacon.springframework.samples.phonebook.domain.PhoneBook">6
bean>7
beans>鎴戜滑闇瑕佸湪 web.xml 涓傚綋鐨勫畾涔?Dispatcher Servlet銆?榪欎釜 Servlet 灝嗕細浠ラ粯璁ゅ緱鏂瑰紡璇誨彇 /WEB-INF/ServletName-servlet.xml 閰嶇疆鏂囦歡銆傚湪鎴戜滑鐨勪緥瀛愪腑灝嗕細鏄?/WEB-INF/phoneBook.xml銆傛垜浠敮涓闇瑕侀厤緗殑浜嬫槸涓涓?View Resolver銆傝繖涓?View Resolver 璐熻矗灝嗚鍥懼悕(濡傦細"criteria")瑙ｆ瀽鎴愮湡瀹炵殑瑙嗗浘璺繘(濡傦細/WEB-INF/JSP/criteria.jsp)銆備笅闈㈣繖孌典嬌鐢ㄧ殑鏄?InternalResourceViewResolver銆?鎵浠ュ湪鎴戜滑鐨勫疄渚嬩腑錛屾墍鏈夐〉闈㈢殑浣嶇疆灝嗕細鍦?/WEB-INF/jsp 鐩綍涓?/FONT>
鎴戜滑鍋囪鎵鏈夊叾浠栫殑 Dispatcher Servlet 閰嶇疆涓洪粯璁ゅ箋傝繖鎰忓懗鐫鎴戜滑灝嗕嬌鐢ㄤ竴涓畝鍗曠殑 BeanNameUrlHandlerMapping 鏉ュ畾浣嶅皢瑕佸鐞嗚姹傜殑鎺у埗鍣ㄣ傚浜庡浣曢厤緗?Dispatcher Servlet 鐨勮緇嗕俊鎭鍙傝?Spring 鐨勫弬鑰冩枃妗?鏌ョ湅璧勬簮)銆?/FONT>
xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>2
DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"3
"http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">4
<beans>5
<bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">6
<property name="prefix"><value>/WEB-INF/jsp/value>property>7
<property name="suffix"><value>.jspvalue>property>8
bean>9
beans>
寰呯畫鈥︹?/FONT>
鍙傝冭祫婧?
- 涓嬭澆鏈寚鍗楀湴瀹炰緥搴旂敤鍜屾簮浠ｇ爜: PhoneBook.war.zip
姝ゅ簲鐢ㄩ渶瑕佺殑 Jar 鏂囦歡鍒頒笅鍒楀湴鍧鍙互鎵懼埌:- spring.jar: Spring framework 棣栭〉
- commons-logging.jar: Jakarta commons logging 棣栭〉
- jdom.jar: JDOM 棣栭〉
- webflow.jar: Spring web flow 棣栭〉
- Java Servlet 鎶鏈拰 JSP: http://java.sun.com/products/servlet/index.jsp
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