鍦ㄥ畼鏂規枃妗d腑鐢ㄤ緥鍥懼寘鍚叚涓厓绱狅紝鍒嗗埆鏄細鎵ц鑰?/span>(Actor)銆佺敤渚?/span>(Use Case)銆佸叧鑱斿叧緋?/span>(Association)銆佸寘鍚叧緋?/span>(Include)銆佹墿灞曞叧緋?/span>(Extend)浠ュ強娉涘寲鍏崇郴(Generalization)銆備絾鏄湁浜?/span>UML鐨勭粯鍥懼伐鍏峰鎻愪緵浜嗕竴縐嶇洿鎺ュ叧鑱斿叧緋?/span>(DirectedAssociation)銆?/span>
鐢ㄤ緥鍥懼彲涓涓寘鍚敞閲婂拰綰︽潫錛岃繕鍙竴涓寘鍚寘錛岀敤浜庡皢妯″瀷涓殑鍏冪礌緇勫悎鎴愭洿澶х殑妯″潡銆傛湁鏃訛紝鍙互灝嗙敤渚嬬殑瀹炰緥寮曞叆鍒板浘涓傜敤渚嬪浘妯″瀷濡備笅鎵紺猴紝鎵ц鑰呯敤浜哄艦鍥炬爣鏉ユ爣璇嗭紝鐢ㄤ緥鐢ㄦき鍦嗘潵琛ㄧず錛岃繛綰胯〃紺哄畠浠箣闂寸殑鍏崇郴銆?/span>
涓銆佹墽琛岃咃紙Actor錛?/span>
1銆佹墽琛岃呮蹇?/span>
鏄寚鐢ㄦ埛鍦ㄧ郴緇熶腑鎵紨鐨勮鑹層傚鍥?/span>1-1鏄竴涓敤鎴風鐞嗙殑鐢ㄤ緥鍥撅紝鍥句腑鐨勭敤鎴楓佺鐞嗗憳灝辨槸鐢ㄤ緥鐨勬墽琛岃呫?/span>
鍥?/span>1-1
2銆佷粠涓氬姟涓壘鍑烘墽琛岃?/span>
鑾峰彇緋葷粺鐢ㄤ緥棣栧厛瑕佹壘鍑虹郴緇熺殑鎵ц鑰呫傛垜浠彲浠ラ氳繃鐢ㄦ埛鍥炵瓟涓浜涢棶棰樼殑絳旀鏉ヨ瘑鍒墽琛岃呫傚彲浠ュ弬鑰冧互涓嬮棶棰橈細
3銆佹墽琛岃呬箣闂村叧緋?/span>
鍥犱負鎵ц鑰呮槸綾伙紝鎵浠ュ涓墽琛岃呬箣闂村彲浠ュ叿鏈変笌綾葷浉鍚岀殑鍏崇郴銆傚湪鐢ㄤ緥鍥句腑錛屼嬌鐢ㄤ簡娉涘寲鍏崇郴鏉ユ弿榪板涓墽琛岃呬箣闂寸殑鍏叡琛屼負銆傚鏋滅郴緇熶腑瀛樺湪鍑犱釜鎵ц鑰咃紝瀹冧滑鏃㈡壆婕旇嚜韜殑瑙掕壊錛屽悓鏃朵篃鎵紨鏇村叿涓鑸寲鐨勮鑹詫紝閭d箞灝辯敤娉涘寲鍏崇郴鏉ユ弿榪板畠浠傝繖縐嶆儏鍐靛線寰鍙戠敓鍦ㄤ竴鑸鑹茬殑琛屼負鍦ㄦ墽琛岃呰秴綾諱腑鎻忚堪鐨勫満鍚堛傜壒孌婂寲鐨勬墽琛岃呯戶鎵夸簡璇ヨ秴綾葷殑琛屼負錛岀劧鍚庡湪鏌愪簺鏂歸潰鎵╁睍浜嗘琛屼負銆傛墽琛岃呬箣闂寸殑娉涘寲鍏崇郴鐢ㄤ竴涓笁瑙掔澶存潵琛ㄧず錛屾寚鍚戞壆婕斾竴鑸鑹茬殑瓚呯被銆傝繖涓?/span>UML涓被涔嬮棿鐨勮繑榪樺叧緋葷鍙風浉鍚屻傚浘1-2
鍥?-2
浜屻佺敤渚嬶紙Use Case錛?/span>
1銆佺敤渚嬫蹇?/span>
鐢ㄤ緥灝辨槸澶栭儴鍙鐨勭郴緇熷姛鑳斤紝瀵圭郴緇熸彁渚涚殑鏈嶅姟榪涜鎻忚堪銆?/span>
2銆佷粠涓氬姟涓壘鍑虹敤渚?/span>
鎵懼嚭緋葷粺鐨勭敤渚嬶紝鎴戜滑浠庢墽琛岃呭叆鎵嬶紝瀵規瘡涓墽琛岃呮彁鍑轟竴浜涢棶棰橈紝鐒跺悗浠庢墽琛岃呭榪欎簺闂鐨勭瓟妗堜腑鑾峰彇鐢ㄤ緥銆傚彲浠ュ弬鑰冧互涓嬮棶棰橈細
3銆佺敤渚嬩箣闂村叧緋?/span>
浜屻佺敤渚嬩箣闂村叧緋?/span>
1銆佸叧鑱斿叧緋伙紙Association錛?br />
鍏寵仈鍏崇郴鏄繛鎺ユ墽琛岃呭拰鐢ㄤ緥錛岃〃紺鴻鎵ц鑰呬唬琛ㄧ殑澶栭儴緋葷粺瀹炰綋涓庤鐢ㄤ緥鎻忚堪鐨勭郴緇熼渶姹傛湁鍏熾?/span>
鍥?-3
2銆佸寘鍚叧緋伙紙Include錛?br />
鍖呭惈鍏崇郴鏄潵鑷簬鐢ㄤ緥鐨勬娊璞★紝鍗充粠鏁頒釜涓嶅悓鐨刄se Case涓紝鍒嗙鍑哄叕鍏辯殑閮ㄥ垎錛岃屾垚涓哄彲浠ュ鐢ㄧ殑鐢ㄤ緥銆?br />
鍥?/span>1-4
3銆佹墿灞曞叧緋伙紙Extend錛?br />
鎵╁睍鍏崇郴琛ㄧず鏌愪竴涓敤渚嬬殑瀵硅瘽嫻佺▼涓紝鍙兘浼氭牴鎹潯浠朵復鏃舵彃鍏ュ彟澶栦竴涓敤渚嬶紝鑰屽墠鑰呯О涓哄熀紜鐢ㄤ緥鍚庤呯О涓烘墿灞曠敤渚嬨?br />
鍥?-5
4銆佹硾鍖栧叧緋伙紙Generalization錛?br />
涓涓敤渚嬪彲浠ヨ鐗瑰埆鍒椾婦涓轟竴涓垨澶氫釜鐢ㄤ緥錛岃繖琚О涓虹敤渚嬫硾鍖栵紝濡傛灉緋葷粺涓竴涓垨澶氫釜鐢ㄤ緥鏄煇涓竴鑸敤渚嬬殑鐗規畩鍖栨椂錛屽氨闇瑕佷嬌鐢ㄧ敤渚嬬殑娉涘寲鍏崇郴銆?br />
鎸囩殑鏄竴涓被錛堢О涓哄瓙綾匯佸瓙鎺ュ彛錛夌戶鎵垮彟澶栫殑涓涓被錛堢О涓虹埗綾匯佺埗鎺ュ彛錛夌殑鍔熻兘錛屽茍鍙互澧炲姞瀹冭嚜宸辯殑鏂板姛鑳界殑鑳藉姏錛岀戶鎵挎槸綾諱笌綾繪垨鑰呮帴鍙d笌鎺ュ彛涔嬮棿鏈甯歌鐨勫叧緋伙紱鍦↗ava涓綾誨叧緋婚氳繃鍏抽敭瀛梕xtends鏄庣‘鏍囪瘑錛屽湪璁捐鏃朵竴鑸病鏈変簤璁э紱
鎸囩殑鏄竴涓猚lass綾誨疄鐜癷nterface鎺ュ彛錛堝彲浠ユ槸澶氫釜錛夌殑鍔熻兘錛涘疄鐜版槸綾諱笌鎺ュ彛涔嬮棿鏈甯歌鐨勫叧緋伙紱鍦↗ava涓綾誨叧緋婚氳繃鍏抽敭瀛梚mplements鏄庣‘鏍囪瘑錛屽湪璁捐鏃朵竴鑸病鏈変簤璁э紱
鍙互綆鍗曠殑鐞嗚В錛屽氨鏄竴涓被A浣跨敤鍒頒簡鍙︿竴涓被B錛岃岃繖縐嶄嬌鐢ㄥ叧緋繪槸鍏鋒湁鍋剁劧鎬х殑銆併佷復鏃舵х殑銆侀潪甯稿急鐨勶紝浣嗘槸B綾葷殑鍙樺寲浼氬獎鍝嶅埌A錛涙瘮濡傛煇浜鴻榪囨渤錛岄渶瑕佸熺敤涓鏉¤埞錛屾鏃朵漢涓庤埞涔嬮棿鐨勫叧緋誨氨鏄緷璧栵紱琛ㄧ幇鍦ㄤ唬鐮佸眰闈紝涓虹被B浣滀負鍙傛暟琚被A鍦ㄦ煇涓猰ethod鏂規硶涓嬌鐢紱
浠栦綋鐜扮殑鏄袱涓被銆佹垨鑰呯被涓庢帴鍙d箣闂磋涔夌駭鍒殑涓縐嶅己渚濊禆鍏崇郴錛屾瘮濡傛垜鍜屾垜鐨勬湅鍙嬶紱榪欑鍏崇郴姣斾緷璧栨洿寮恒佷笉瀛樺湪渚濊禆鍏崇郴鐨勫伓鐒舵с佸叧緋諱篃涓嶆槸涓存椂鎬х殑錛屼竴鑸槸闀挎湡鎬х殑錛岃屼笖鍙屾柟鐨勫叧緋諱竴鑸槸騫崇瓑鐨勩佸叧鑱斿彲浠ユ槸鍗曞悜銆佸弻鍚戠殑錛涜〃鐜板湪浠g爜灞傞潰錛屼負琚叧鑱旂被B浠ョ被灞炴х殑褰㈠紡鍑虹幇鍦ㄥ叧鑱旂被A涓紝涔熷彲鑳芥槸鍏寵仈綾籄寮曠敤浜嗕竴涓被鍨嬩負琚叧鑱旂被B鐨勫叏灞鍙橀噺錛?br />
鑱氬悎鏄叧鑱斿叧緋葷殑涓縐嶇壒渚嬶紝浠栦綋鐜扮殑鏄暣浣撲笌閮ㄥ垎銆佹嫢鏈夌殑鍏崇郴錛屽嵆has-a鐨勫叧緋伙紝姝ゆ椂鏁翠綋涓庨儴鍒嗕箣闂存槸鍙垎紱葷殑錛屼粬浠彲浠ュ叿鏈夊悇鑷殑鐢熷懡鍛ㄦ湡錛岄儴鍒嗗彲浠ュ睘浜庡涓暣浣撳璞★紝涔熷彲浠ヤ負澶氫釜鏁翠綋瀵硅薄鍏變韓錛涙瘮濡傝綆楁満涓嶤PU銆佸叕鍙鎬笌鍛樺伐鐨勫叧緋葷瓑錛涜〃鐜板湪浠g爜灞傞潰錛屽拰鍏寵仈鍏崇郴鏄竴鑷寸殑錛屽彧鑳戒粠璇箟綰у埆鏉ュ尯鍒嗭紱
緇勫悎涔熸槸鍏寵仈鍏崇郴鐨勪竴縐嶇壒渚嬶紝浠栦綋鐜扮殑鏄竴縐峜ontains-a鐨勫叧緋伙紝榪欑鍏崇郴姣旇仛鍚堟洿寮猴紝涔熺О涓哄己鑱氬悎錛涗粬鍚屾牱浣撶幇鏁翠綋涓庨儴鍒嗛棿鐨勫叧緋伙紝浣嗘鏃舵暣浣撲笌閮ㄥ垎鏄笉鍙垎鐨勶紝鏁翠綋鐨勭敓鍛藉懆鏈熺粨鏉熶篃灝辨剰鍛崇潃閮ㄥ垎鐨勭敓鍛藉懆鏈熺粨鏉燂紱姣斿浣犲拰浣犵殑澶ц剳錛涜〃鐜板湪浠g爜灞傞潰錛屽拰鍏寵仈鍏崇郴鏄竴鑷寸殑錛屽彧鑳戒粠璇箟綰у埆鏉ュ尯鍒嗭紱
瀵逛簬緇ф壙銆佸疄鐜拌繖涓ょ鍏崇郴娌″灝戠枒闂紝浠栦滑浣撶幇鐨勬槸涓縐嶇被涓庣被銆佹垨鑰呯被涓庢帴鍙i棿鐨勭旱鍚戝叧緋伙紱鍏朵粬鐨勫洓鑰呭叧緋誨垯浣撶幇鐨勬槸綾諱笌綾匯佹垨鑰呯被涓庢帴鍙i棿鐨勫紩鐢ㄣ佹í鍚戝叧緋伙紝鏄瘮杈冮毦鍖哄垎鐨勶紝鏈夊緢澶氫簨鐗╅棿鐨勫叧緋昏鎯沖噯澶囧畾浣嶆槸寰堥毦鐨勶紝鍓嶉潰涔熸彁鍒幫紝榪欏嚑縐嶅叧緋婚兘鏄涔夌駭鍒殑錛屾墍浠ヤ粠浠g爜灞傞潰騫朵笉鑳藉畬鍏ㄥ尯鍒嗗悇縐嶅叧緋伙紱浣嗘葷殑鏉ヨ錛屽悗鍑犵鍏崇郴鎵琛ㄧ幇鐨勫己寮辯▼搴︿緷嬈′負錛氱粍鍚?gt;鑱氬悎>鍏寵仈>渚濊禆錛?/p>