$ service rh-mariadb103-mariadb start
$ mysql
$ mysqld
#寮鏈哄姞杞藉懡浠?br />cp /opt/rh/rh-mariadb103/enable /etc/profile.d/rh-mariadb103.sh
鍍呯磤閷?TCP 閫g窔鐙鎱嬩互鍙婂緩绔嬫垨鏄柗闁嬮g窔嫻佺▼錛岄棞鏂奸蹭竴姝ョ殑 TCP 灝佸寘鍗斿畾鍙弮鑰?Reference 閫g窔銆?/p>
閫氬父鐨?TCP 閫g窔寤虹珛嫻佺▼鑸囩媭鎱嬶紝闇瑕佷笁嬈$殑璦婃伅浜ゆ彌渚嗗緩绔嬮g窔 (three-way handshaking)錛?/p>
鍏朵腑宸﹂倞閫氬父鐐?server錛屽彸閭婂墖鐐?client錛屾枃瀛楁祦紼嬫弿榪幫細
瑭蹭簺鍚嶈鑸囩媭鎱嬭鏄庯細
鍦ㄥ緩绔嬮g窔鏅傦紝鍙兘鏈冪櫦鐢熼洐鏂瑰悓姝ュ緩绔嬮g窔鐨勬儏褰?(Simultaneous open)錛屽父瑕嬫柤 P2P 鐨勬噳鐢ㄤ腑錛屽叾 TCP 寤虹珛閫g窔鐨勬祦紼嬩笉澶竴妯o細
鐣垚 TCP 鐙鎱嬫祦紼嬪湒鏈冩槸閫欐ǎ錛?/p>
TCP 闂滈枆嫻佺▼濡備笅錛屾瘮寤虹珛閫g窔閭勮瑜囬洔涓浜涳紝闇瑕佺稉閬庡洓嬈$殑璦婃伅浜ゆ彌 (four-way handshaking)錛岃娉ㄦ剰鐨勬槸鍙互鏄敱 server 鐧艱搗涓誨嫊闂滈枆錛屾姂鎴栨槸 client 鐧艱搗涓誨嫊闂滈枆錛?/p>
鍏朵腑宸﹂倞閫氬父鐐?client 鐙鎱?(鐢?client 涓誨嫊鐧艱搗闂滈枆閫g窔)錛屽彸閭婂墖鐐?server 鐙鎱嬶紝鏂囧瓧嫻佺▼鎻忚堪錛?/p>
瑭蹭簺鍚嶈鑸囩媭鎱嬭鏄庯細
鏈夊彲鑳介g窔鐨勯洐鏂瑰悓鏅傜櫦璧烽棞闁夛紝闆栫劧姍熺巼閭勮牷浣庣殑錛?/p>
閫欓倞澶氫竴鍊嬬媭鎱嬶細
鐣垚 TCP 鐙鎱嬫祦紼嬪湒鏈冩槸閫欐ǎ錛?/p>
鏌ヨ鐩墠鎵鏈夌殑閫g窔鐙鎱?(Windows & Linux)錛?/p>
netstat -a
娉ㄦ剰: ssh-copy-id 灝唊ey鍐欏埌榪滅▼鏈哄櫒鐨?~/ .ssh/authorized_key.鏂囦歡涓?/p>絎笁姝? 鐧誨綍鍒?/span>榪滅▼鏈哄櫒涓嶇敤杈撳叆瀵嗙爜
甯歌闂錛?/p>
涓婅堪鏄粰eucalyptus鐢ㄦ埛璧嬩簣鏃犲瘑鐮佺櫥闄嗙殑鏉冨埄
浣跨敤閫夐」 -i 錛屽綋娌℃湁鍊間紶閫掔殑鏃跺欐垨鑰?nbsp;濡傛灉 ~/.ssh/identity.pub 鏂囦歡涓嶅彲璁塊棶錛堜笉瀛樺湪錛? ssh-copy-id 灝嗘樉紺轟笂榪扮殑閿欒淇℃伅 錛?-i閫夐」浼氫紭鍏堜嬌鐢ㄥ皢ssh-add -L鐨勫唴瀹癸級
ssh鍛戒護
1銆佸鍒禨SH瀵嗛挜鍒扮洰鏍囦富鏈猴紝寮鍚棤瀵嗙爜SSH鐧誨綍
ssh-copy-id user@host
濡傛灉榪樻病鏈夊瘑閽ワ紝璇蜂嬌鐢╯sh-keygen鍛戒護鐢熸垚銆?/p>
2銆佷粠鏌愪富鏈虹殑80绔彛寮鍚埌鏈湴涓繪満2001绔彛鐨勯毀閬?/span>
ssh -N -L2001:localhost:80 somemachine
鐜板湪浣犲彲浠ョ洿鎺ュ湪嫻忚鍣ㄤ腑杈撳叆http://localhost:2001璁塊棶榪欎釜緗戠珯銆?/p>
3銆佸皢浣犵殑楹﹀厠椋庤緭鍑哄埌榪滅▼璁$畻鏈虹殑鎵0鍣?/span>
dd if=/dev/dsp | ssh -c arcfour -C username@host dd of=/dev/dsp
榪欐牱鏉ヨ嚜浣犻害鍏嬮绔彛鐨勫0闊沖皢鍦⊿SH鐩爣璁$畻鏈虹殑鎵0鍣ㄧ鍙h緭鍑猴紝浣嗛仐鎲劇殑鏄紝澹伴煶璐ㄩ噺寰堝樊錛屼綘浼氬惉鍒板緢澶氬樁鍢跺0銆?/p>
4銆佹瘮杈冭繙紼嬪拰鏈湴鏂囦歡
ssh user@host cat /path/to/remotefile | diff /path/to/localfile –
鍦ㄦ瘮杈冩湰鍦版枃浠跺拰榪滅▼鏂囦歡鏄惁鏈夊樊寮傛椂榪欎釜鍛戒護寰堢鐢ㄣ?/p>
5銆侀氳繃SSH鎸傝澆鐩綍/鏂囦歡緋葷粺
sshfs name@server:/path/to/folder /path/to/mount/point
浠?a rel="nofollow" style="box-sizing: border-box; outline: none; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; text-decoration-line: none; cursor: pointer; color: #6795b5; overflow-wrap: break-word;">http://fuse.sourceforge.net/sshfs.html涓嬭澆sshfs錛屽畠鍏佽浣犺法緗戠粶瀹夊叏鎸傝澆涓涓洰褰曘?/p>
6銆侀氳繃涓棿涓繪満寤虹珛SSH榪炴帴
ssh -t reachable_host ssh unreachable_host
Unreachable_host琛ㄧず浠庢湰鍦扮綉緇滄棤娉曠洿鎺ヨ闂殑涓繪満錛屼絾鍙互浠巖eachable_host鎵鍦ㄧ綉緇滆闂紝榪欎釜鍛戒護閫氳繃鍒皉eachable_host鐨?#8220;闅愯棌”榪炴帴錛屽垱寤鴻搗鍒皍nreachable_host鐨勮繛鎺ャ?/p>
7銆佸皢浣犵殑SSH鍏挜澶嶅埗鍒拌繙紼嬩富鏈猴紝寮鍚棤瀵嗙爜鐧誨綍 – 綆鍗曠殑鏂規硶
ssh-copy-id username@hostname
8銆佺洿鎺ヨ繛鎺ュ埌鍙兘閫氳繃涓繪満B榪炴帴鐨勪富鏈篈
ssh -t hostA ssh hostB
褰撶劧錛屼綘瑕佽兘璁塊棶涓繪満A鎵嶈銆?/p>
9銆佸垱寤哄埌鐩爣涓繪満鐨勬寔涔呭寲榪炴帴
ssh -MNf <user>@<host>
鍦ㄥ悗鍙板垱寤哄埌鐩爣涓繪満鐨勬寔涔呭寲榪炴帴錛屽皢榪欎釜鍛戒護鍜屼綘~/.ssh/config涓殑閰嶇疆緇撳悎浣跨敤錛?/p>
Host host ControlPath ~/.ssh/master-%r@%h:%p ControlMaster no
鎵鏈夊埌鐩爣涓繪満鐨凷SH榪炴帴閮藉皢浣跨敤鎸佷箙鍖朣SH濂楁帴瀛楋紝濡傛灉浣犱嬌鐢⊿SH瀹氭湡鍚屾鏂囦歡錛堜嬌鐢╮sync/sftp/cvs/svn錛夛紝榪欎釜鍛戒護灝嗛潪甯告湁鐢紝鍥犱負姣忔鎵撳紑涓涓猄SH榪炴帴鏃朵笉浼氬垱寤烘柊鐨勫鎺ュ瓧銆?/p>
10銆侀氳繃SSH榪炴帴灞忓箷
ssh -t remote_host screen –r
鐩存帴榪炴帴鍒拌繙紼嬪睆騫曚細璇濓紙鑺傜渷浜嗘棤鐢ㄧ殑鐖禸ash榪涚▼錛夈?/p>
11銆佺鍙f嫻嬶紙鏁查棬錛?/span>
knock <host> 3000 4000 5000 && ssh -p <port> user@host && knock <host> 5000 4000 3000
鍦ㄤ竴涓鍙d笂鏁蹭竴涓嬫墦寮鏌愪釜鏈嶅姟鐨勭鍙o紙濡係SH錛夛紝鍐嶆暡涓涓嬪叧闂绔彛錛岄渶瑕佸厛瀹夎knockd錛屼笅闈㈡槸涓涓厤緗枃浠剁ず渚嬨?/p>
[options] logfile = /var/log/knockd.log [openSSH] sequence = 3000,4000,5000 seq_timeout = 5 command = /sbin/iptables -A INPUT -i eth0 -s %IP% -p tcp –dport 22 -j ACCEPT tcpflags = syn [closeSSH] sequence = 5000,4000,3000 seq_timeout = 5 command = /sbin/iptables -D INPUT -i eth0 -s %IP% -p tcp –dport 22 -j ACCEPT tcpflags = syn
12銆佸垹闄ゆ枃鏈枃浠朵腑鐨勪竴琛屽唴瀹癸紝鏈夌敤鐨勪慨澶?/span>
ssh-keygen -R <the_offending_host>
鍦ㄨ繖縐嶆儏鍐典笅錛屾渶濂戒嬌鐢ㄤ笓涓氱殑宸ュ叿銆?/p>
13銆侀氳繃SSH榪愯澶嶆潅鐨勮繙紼媠hell鍛戒護
ssh host -l user $(<cmd.txt)
鏇村叿縐繪鎬х殑鐗堟湰錛?/p>
ssh host -l user “`cat cmd.txt`”
14銆侀氳繃SSH灝哅ySQL鏁版嵁搴撳鍒跺埌鏂版湇鍔″櫒
mysqldump –add-drop-table –extended-insert –force –log-error=error.log -uUSER -pPASS OLD_DB_NAME | ssh -C user@newhost “mysql -uUSER -pPASS NEW_DB_NAME”
閫氳繃鍘嬬緝鐨凷SH闅ч亾Dump涓涓狹ySQL鏁版嵁搴擄紝灝嗗叾浣滀負杈撳叆浼犻掔粰mysql鍛戒護錛屾垜璁や負榪欐槸榪佺Щ鏁版嵁搴撳埌鏂版湇鍔″櫒鏈蹇渶濂界殑鏂規硶銆?/p>
15銆佸垹闄ゆ枃鏈枃浠朵腑鐨勪竴琛岋紝淇“SSH涓繪満瀵嗛挜鏇存敼”鐨勮鍛?/span>
sed -i 8d ~/.ssh/known_hosts
16銆佷粠涓鍙版病鏈塖SH-COPY-ID鍛戒護鐨勪富鏈哄皢浣犵殑SSH鍏挜澶嶅埗鍒版湇鍔″櫒
cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub | ssh user@machine “mkdir ~/.ssh; cat >> ~/.ssh/authorized_keys”
濡傛灉浣犱嬌鐢∕ac OS X鎴栧叾瀹冩病鏈塻sh-copy-id鍛戒護鐨?nix鍙樼錛岃繖涓懡浠ゅ彲浠ュ皢浣犵殑鍏挜澶嶅埗鍒拌繙紼嬩富鏈猴紝鍥犳浣犵収鏍峰彲浠ュ疄鐜版棤瀵嗙爜SSH鐧誨綍銆?/p>
17銆佸疄鏃禨SH緗戠粶鍚炲悙閲忔祴璇?/span>
yes | pv | ssh $host “cat > /dev/null”
閫氳繃SSH榪炴帴鍒頒富鏈猴紝鏄劇ず瀹炴椂鐨勪紶杈撻熷害錛屽皢鎵鏈変紶杈撴暟鎹寚鍚?dev/null錛岄渶瑕佸厛瀹夎pv銆?/p>
濡傛灉鏄疍ebian錛?/p>
apt-get install pv
濡傛灉鏄疐edora錛?/p>
yum install pv
錛堝彲鑳介渶瑕佸惎鐢ㄩ澶栫殑杞歡浠撳簱錛夈?/p>
18銆佸鏋滃緩绔嬩竴涓彲浠ラ噸鏂拌繛鎺ョ殑榪滅▼GNU screen
ssh -t user@some.domain.com /usr/bin/screen –xRR
浜轟滑鎬繪槸鍠滄鍦ㄤ竴涓枃鏈粓绔腑鎵撳紑璁稿shell錛屽鏋滀細璇濈獊鐒朵腑鏂紝鎴栦綘鎸変笅浜?#8220;Ctrl-a d”錛岃繙紼嬩富鏈轟笂鐨剆hell涓嶄細鍙楀埌涓濇褰卞搷錛屼綘鍙互閲嶆柊榪炴帴錛屽叾瀹冩湁鐢ㄧ殑screen鍛戒護鏈?#8220;Ctrl-a c”錛堟墦寮鏂扮殑shell錛夊拰“Ctrl-a a”錛堝湪shell涔嬮棿鏉ュ洖鍒囨崲錛夛紝璇瘋闂甴ttp://aperiodic.net/screen/quick_reference闃呰鏇村鍏充簬screen鍛戒護鐨勫揩閫熷弬鑰冦?/p>
19銆佺戶緇璖CP澶ф枃浠?/span>
rsync –partial –progress –rsh=ssh $file_source $user@$host:$destination_file
瀹冨彲浠ユ仮澶嶅け璐ョ殑rsync鍛戒護錛屽綋浣犻氳繃VPN浼犺緭澶ф枃浠訛紝濡傚浠界殑鏁版嵁搴撴椂榪欎釜鍛戒護闈炲父鏈夌敤錛岄渶瑕佸湪涓よ竟鐨勪富鏈轟笂瀹夎rsync銆?/p>
rsync –partial –progress –rsh=ssh $file_source $user@$host:$destination_file local -> remote
鎴?/p>
rsync –partial –progress –rsh=ssh $user@$host:$remote_file $destination_file remote -> local
20銆侀氳繃SSH W/ WIRESHARK鍒嗘瀽嫻侀噺
ssh root@server.com ‘tshark -f “port !22″ -w -' | wireshark -k -i –
浣跨敤tshark鎹曟崏榪滅▼涓繪満涓婄殑緗戠粶閫氫俊錛岄氳繃SSH榪炴帴鍙戦佸師濮媝cap鏁版嵁錛屽茍鍦╳ireshark涓樉紺猴紝鎸変笅Ctrl+C灝嗗仠姝㈡崟鎹夛紝浣嗕篃浼氬叧闂瓀ireshark紿楀彛錛屽彲浠ヤ紶閫掍竴涓?#8220;-c #”鍙傛暟緇檛shark錛岃瀹冨彧鎹曟崏“#”鎸囧畾鐨勬暟鎹寘綾誨瀷錛屾垨閫氳繃鍛藉悕綆¢亾閲嶅畾鍚戞暟鎹紝鑰屼笉鏄洿鎺ラ氳繃SSH浼犺緭緇檞ireshark錛屾垜寤鴻浣犺繃婊ゆ暟鎹寘錛屼互鑺傜害甯﹀錛宼shark鍙互浣跨敤tcpdump鏇夸唬錛?/p>
ssh root@example.com tcpdump -w – ‘port !22′ | wireshark -k -i –
21銆佷繚鎸丼SH浼氳瘽姘鎬箙鎵撳紑
autossh -M50000 -t server.example.com ‘screen -raAd mysession’
鎵撳紑涓涓猄SH浼氳瘽鍚庯紝璁╁叾淇濇寔姘鎬箙鎵撳紑錛屽浜庝嬌鐢ㄧ瑪璁版湰鐢佃剳鐨勭敤鎴鳳紝濡傛灉闇瑕佸湪Wi-Fi鐑偣涔嬮棿鍒囨崲錛屽彲浠ヤ繚璇佸垏鎹㈠悗涓嶄細涓㈠け榪炴帴銆?/p>
22銆佹洿紼沖畾錛屾洿蹇紝鏇村己鐨凷SH瀹㈡埛绔?/span>
ssh -4 -C -c blowfish-cbc
寮哄埗浣跨敤IPv4錛屽帇緙╂暟鎹祦錛屼嬌鐢˙lowfish鍔犲瘑銆?/p>
23銆佷嬌鐢╟stream鎺у埗甯﹀
tar -cj /backup | cstream -t 777k | ssh host ‘tar -xj -C /backup’
浣跨敤bzip鍘嬬緝鏂囦歡澶癸紝鐒跺悗浠?77k bit/s閫熺巼鍚戣繙紼嬩富鏈轟紶杈撱侰stream榪樻湁鏇村鐨勫姛鑳斤紝璇瘋闂甴ttp://www.cons.org/cracauer/cstream.html#usage浜嗚В璇︽儏錛屼緥濡傦細
echo w00t, i’m 733+ | cstream -b1 -t2
24銆佷竴姝ュ皢SSH鍏挜浼犺緭鍒板彟涓鍙版満鍣?/span>
ssh-keygen; ssh-copy-id user@host; ssh user@host
榪欎釜鍛戒護緇勫悎鍏佽浣犳棤瀵嗙爜SSH鐧誨綍錛屾敞鎰忥紝濡傛灉鍦ㄦ湰鍦版満鍣ㄧ殑~/.ssh鐩綍涓嬪凡緇忔湁涓涓猄SH瀵嗛挜瀵癸紝ssh-keygen鍛戒護鐢熸垚鐨勬柊瀵嗛挜鍙兘浼氳鐩栧畠浠紝ssh-copy-id灝嗗瘑閽ュ鍒跺埌榪滅▼涓繪満錛屽茍榪藉姞鍒拌繙紼嬭處鍙風殑~/.ssh/authorized_keys鏂囦歡涓紝浣跨敤SSH榪炴帴鏃訛紝濡傛灉浣犳病鏈変嬌鐢ㄥ瘑閽ュ彛浠わ紝璋冪敤ssh user@host鍚庝笉涔呭氨浼氭樉紺鴻繙紼媠hell銆?/p>
25銆佸皢鏍囧噯杈撳叆錛坰tdin錛夊鍒跺埌浣犵殑X11緙撳啿鍖?/span>
ssh user@host cat /path/to/some/file | xclip
浣犳槸鍚︿嬌鐢╯cp灝嗘枃浠跺鍒跺埌宸ヤ綔鐢ㄧ數鑴戜笂錛屼互渚垮鍒跺叾鍐呭鍒扮數瀛愰偖浠朵腑錛焫clip鍙互甯埌浣狅紝瀹冨彲浠ュ皢鏍囧噯杈撳叆澶嶅埗鍒癤11緙撳啿鍖猴紝浣犻渶瑕佸仛鐨勫氨鏄偣鍑婚紶鏍囦腑閿矘璐寸紦鍐插尯涓殑鍐呭銆?/p>
濡傛灉浣犺繕鏈夊叾瀹僑SH鍛戒護鎶宸э紝嬈㈣繋鍦ㄦ湰鏂囪瘎璁轟腑甯栧嚭銆?/p>
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