The behind the scene code generation (aka: magic), the lack of a decent IDE, and worse, of a good debugger made my transition to Ruby somewhat difficult and sometimes confusing frustrating. I used to live in Visual Studio .NET and breath Intellisense. In fact, I still miss that to this day.
Any newcomer to Rails will quickly discover why it is so talked about. First of all, even though I don’t consider myself anywhere near a decent Rails programmer, I am now at least twice as productive with Ruby on Rails than with ASP.NET and C#. Thanks to the MVC (Model, View, Controller), DRY (Don’t Repeat Yourself) and Convention Over Configuration mindset of Rails. All the data access code is automagically generated for you (without running a code generator), templating is built in and creating AJAX’ed applications is a snap.
Life was good with Rails and the more I used it, the more I liked it. That was until early August of 2006. I was ready to launch version 2.0 of Ajaxwhois. Knowing so many professional Rails hackers, I thought deploying my application to my production server was going to be a breeze. I was wrong. Even though the installation of Linux (Ubuntu Dapper Drake 64 bit), Lighttpd, MySql and Mongrel went well, I experienced weird problems, mainly related to Mongrel. Sometimes, my Mongrel instances would simply die and disappear from the process list for no apparent reason. I didn’t have ANY traffic at this point because I hadn’t done DNS transfers yet. On other occasions, Mongrel went crazy and started peaking the CPU at 99%. I had to manually kill and restart it.
After extensive research and countless “from scratch” reinstalls, I found out that Mongrel was known to not play well with 64 bit Ubuntu (I lost the links to this evidence, unfortunately). Mongrel was patched accordingly, but it didn’t solve my problem. It still crashed many times a day and I just couldn’t figure out what was wrong. I asked my good friends Rich Collins and Adam Thorsen (of Guruza.com) who are both experienced Rails developers and they had no idea either. I was stuck.
I wanted to launch. Badly. I didn’t want to waste anymore time with this so I picked up a Python book and rewrote the whole site one more time, in Python using the Django framework this time. I had never programmed in Python before and much less used Django. However, the switch was easy enough since Ruby and Python are somewhat similar.
My experience with Python and Django was great; it is a combination every web developer should consider. However, I soon missed Ruby and Rails. Ruby supports “real” private/public/protected methods (Python just fakes that with its naming convention) and it’s syntax is more forgiving (the need for () at the end of each method call in Python was killing me). Django is not as straightforward as Rails, and requires more code to get things done. There are also many little things that don’t “feel right” in Django, like the need to manually pass variables to a view. Data access is confusing at best while Rails’ ActiveRecord is god-sent. These little things really add up.
On the flip side, Python is faster than Ruby and less memory hungry. I was also surprised to actually love Python’s significant indentation (see example). But more importantly, Python and Django just worked! I never experienced weird crashes like I did with my Rails stack.
So, why am I back to Rails for my next project? 3 letters: FUN. I find Ruby and Rails to be pleasant to use. The community large, active and very helpful. The number of freely available Rails plugins and the fast evolution of the core code are also welcomed additions. Rails requires less code, less self.__awkward_method_calls(), has built-in AJAX and REST support, and has much more flexible data access and templating engines.
But what about those crashes? What about the speed issue? Well, I don’t have the crashes anymore. Don’t ask me why, I don’t know, but it’s fine now, I swear! Something somewhere got fixed and it seems to have solved the problem. However, speed is still one of the low points of Rails. Using caching and proper code optimization should take you a long way, though. Matz, the author of Ruby, is working hard on a new virtual machine that should make Ruby just as fast, if not faster than Python.
My recommendation is, try both for long enough to figure out what works and what doesn’t for you. If you are a long-time Python user, Django might be more compelling for you, but if you are coming from a Java, Perl or Smalltalk background, Ruby and Rails will most likely be what you’ll end up using. Either way, I don’t think you can go wrong.
PS: I don’t want to blame Mongrel for my Rails problems because I am still not sure who was the guilty party. Mongrel is a wonderful piece of software and I heartily recommend it. Just make sure you watch it closely if you use Ubuntu on a 64 bit machine.
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1.寮鍙戝鏉傜殑綆楁硶鎴栬呮暟鎹粨鏋?br /> 2.瀹炵幇璁＄畻瀵嗛泦鍨嬪簲鐢?br /> 3.鎿嶄綔澶у瀷鏁版嵁闆?br /> 4.瀹炵幇鑹ソ瀹氫箟鐨? 緙撴參鍙樻洿鐨勯渶姹?br /> 5.鏄ぇ鍨嬮」鐩殑涓閮ㄥ垎
鑰岃剼鏈璦搴旇鐢ㄤ簬濡備笅鐩殑:
1.榪炴帴宸叉湁鐨勭粍寤?br /> 2.澶勭悊緇忓父鍙樺寲鐨勫縐嶇被鍨嬬殑瀹炰綋
3.鍏鋒湁鍥懼艦鍖栫敤鎴風晫闈?br /> 4.鎷ユ湁蹇熷彉鍖栫殑鍔熻兘
5.鏄皬鍨嬫垨鑰呬腑鍨嬮」鐩殑涓閮ㄥ垎
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綾誨畾涔夛細class
鏂規硶瀹氫箟錛歞ef, undef
媯鏌ョ被鍨嬶細defined?
鏉′歡璇彞錛歩f, then, else, elsif, case, when, unless
寰幆璇彞錛歠or, in, while, until, next, break, do, redo, retry, yield
閫昏緫鍒ゆ柇錛歯ot, and, or
閫昏緫鍊煎拰絀哄鹼細true, false, nil
寮傚父澶勭悊錛歳escue, ensure
瀵硅薄寮曠敤錛歴uper, self
鍧楃殑璧峰錛歜egin/end
宓屽叆妯″潡錛欱EGIN, END (require, include)
鏂囦歡鐩稿叧錛歘_FILE__, __LINE__
鏂規硶榪斿洖錛歳eturn
鍒悕錛歛lias
灞閮ㄥ彉閲忥紝鏂規硶鍙傛暟鍜屾柟娉曞悕縐板簲璇ョ敤涓涓皬鍐欏瓧姣嶅紑澶存垨鑰呯敤涓涓笅鍒掔嚎寮澶?
鍏ㄥ眬鍙橀噺鐢ㄧ編鍏冪浣滀負鍓嶇紑$;
瀹炰緥鍙橀噺浣跨敤@寮澶達紱
綾誨彉閲忕敤@@
綾誨悕錛屾ā鍧楀悕鍜屽父閲忓簲璇ョ敤澶у啓瀛楁瘝寮澶?/p>
Ruby紼嬪簭浠ｇ爜鐜板湪鐢?浣嶇殑ACSII鐮佹潵琛ㄧず錛岄氳繃璇█鎵╁睍鏉ユ敮鎸丒UC錛孲JIS鎴朥TF-8絳?浣嶇紪鐮佺郴緇熴俁uby2.0鐗堟湰灝嗘敮鎸?6浣嶇殑Unicode緙栫爜
puts print gets
printf "Number: %4.3f, String:%s", 7.8, "hi!"
鏁版嵁綾誨瀷錛氭暟瀛楋紝瀛楃涓詫紝鏁扮粍錛屽搱甯岃〃錛屽尯闂達紝姝ｅ垯琛ㄨ揪寮?br />
1..5 ---> 1,2,3,4,5;
1...5 ---> 1,2,3,4
a=1; b=1.0; a==b #true 姣旇緝涓や釜瀵硅薄鐨勫兼槸鍚︾浉絳?br />
a=1; b=1.0; a.eql?(b) #false 姣旇緝涓や釜瀵硅薄鐨勫間互鍙婄被鍨嬫槸鍚︾浉絳?br />
a=1.0; b=1.0; a.equal?(b) #false 姣旇緝涓や釜瀵硅薄鍦ㄥ唴瀛樹腑鐨勫湴鍧鏄惁鐩稿悓
a=1.0; b=a; a.equal?(b) #true
<=> 姣旇緝涓や釜瀵硅薄鐨勫ぇ灝忥紝澶т簬錛岀瓑浜庯紝灝忎簬 鍒嗗埆榪斿洖1錛?錛岋紞1
===鍙寵竟鐨勫璞℃槸鍚﹀湪宸﹁竟鍖洪棿涔嬪唴錛岃繑鍥瀟rue鍜宖alse
puts (0..9) === 3.14 #true
puts ('a'..'f')==='c' #true
=~鐢ㄦ潵姣旇緝鏄惁絎﹀悎涓涓鍒欒〃杈懼紡錛岃繑鍥炴ā寮忓湪瀛楃涓蹭腑琚尮閰嶅埌鐨勪綅緗紝鍚﹀垯榪斿洖nil
!~鏂█涓嶇鍚堜竴涓鍒欒〃杈懼紡錛岃繑鍥瀟rue錛宖alse
break,璺沖嚭褰撳眰寰幆
next,蹇界暐鏈鐨勫驚鐜殑鍓╀笅閮ㄥ垎錛屽紑濮嬩笅涓嬈＄殑寰幆
redo,閲嶆柊寮濮嬪驚鐜紝榪樻槸浠庤繖涓嬈″紑濮?br />
retry錛岄噸澶村紑濮嬭繖涓驚鐜綋
times,upto,downto,each.step
3.times{print 'Hi'} #HiHiHi
1.upto(9) {|i| print i if i<7} #123456
9.downto(1){|i| print i if i<7} #654321
(1..9).each{|i| print i if i<7} #123456
0.step(11, 3){|i| print i} #0369
寮傚父澶勭悊begin/end...rescue...ensure...raise retry鍙互鐢ㄥ湪rescue涓?/p>
attr_writer:motherland
鐩稿綋浜?br />
def motherland=(value)
return @motherland = value
end
attr_reader:motherland
鐩稿綋浜?br />
def motherland
return @motherland
end
attr_accessor:motherland 鐩稿綋浜?attr_reader:motherland; attr_writer:motherland
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榪愯 ruby -v 鏄劇ず鐗堟湰鍙鳳紝琛ㄧず瀹夎鎴愬姛銆?br />
瀹夎Rails錛?br /> (1) 榪滅▼瀹夎錛?br /> 榪愯 gem install rails --include-dependencies錛屽畨瑁匯ails錛堥渶瑕佽繛鎺ョ綉緇滐級銆?br />
(2) 鏈湴瀹夎錛?br /> 浠?http://www.rubyonrails.org/ 涓嬭澆 rails-2.0.2.gem錛屽畨瑁匯ails銆?br /> 榪愯 gem install rails-2.0.2.gem
榪愯 rails -v 鏄劇ず鐗堟湰鍙鳳紝琛ㄧず瀹夎鎴愬姛銆?br />
浣跨敤錛?br /> 榪愯 rails path/to/your/new/application 鍒涘緩涓涓柊鐨勯」鐩?br /> 榪愯 ruby path/to/your/new/application/script/server 鍚姩鏈嶅姟銆?br />
鏌ョ湅http://localhost:3000鎴愬姛
鎵嬪伐瀹夎闈炲父楹葷儲錛屽彲浠ヤ粠 http://instantrails.rubyforge.org/ 涓嬭澆InstantRails錛屽叏閮ㄦ悶瀹氥?br />
鐩稿叧鐩綍鍜岃礬寰勫涓嬶細
http://rubyforge.org/frs/?group_id=307 鍘諱笅杞絩ails
http://rubyforge.org/projects/activesupport 鍘諱笅杞絘ctivesupport
http://rubyforge.org/projects/activerecord/ 鍘諱笅杞絘ctiverecord
http://rubyforge.org/projects/actionpack 鍘諱笅杞絘ctionpack
http://rubyforge.org/projects/actionmailer 鍘諱笅杞絘ctionmailer
http://rubyforge.org/projects/aws 鍘諱笅杞絘ctionwebservice
http://rubyforge.org/projects/rake 鍘諱笅杞絩ake
濡傛灉鏄崌綰э紝璁板緱鏈鍚庢墽琛?gem cleanup鎶婂師鏉ョ殑鑰佺増鏈竻闄ゃ?br />
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銆銆鍦ㄦ帶鍒跺眰錛屽垎欏靛繀欏繪寜濡備笅浠ｇ爜瀹炵幇錛?br />
| def user_list @user_pages, @users = paginate(:users, :order_by =錛?'name') end |
銆銆浠ヤ笂浠ｇ爜閫氳繃paginate鏂規硶璁劇疆鐨勫垎欏靛櫒銆傝繖涓柟娉曟湁涓や釜鍙傛暟錛岀涓涓弬鏁版槸瑕佽鍙栨暟鎹殑琛ㄧ殑鍚嶅瓙錛岀浜屼釜鍙傛暟鏄湪鍙栨暟鎹椂瑕佹帓搴忕殑瀛楁銆傝繖涓柟娉曡繑鍥炰袱涓璞★紝絎竴涓璞user_pages鏄垎欏靛櫒瀵硅薄錛?絎簩涓璞?@users 鏄瘡涓欏電殑璁板綍鏁般傚叾涓瑻users鐢ㄦ潵鍚戣鍥炬彁渚涜鏄劇ず鐨勬暟鎹?鑰孈user_pages璐熻矗浠庤〃涓緱鍒版暟鎹紝鐒跺悗灝嗚繖浜涙暟鎹繚瀛樺湪@users涓?br />
銆銆瑙嗗浘灞傜殑瀹炵幇:
銆銆鍦ㄨ鍥懼眰鐨凴HTML鏂囦歡涓紝@users涓殑鏁版嵁灝嗚灞曠幇緇欑敤鎴楓俻agination_links()鏂規硶鍙互瀹炵幇瀵艱埅鐨勫姛鑳姐備互涓嬫槸鍏蜂綋鐨勫疄鐜頒唬鐮侊細
| 錛渢able錛? 錛渢r錛烇紲th錛炲鍚嶏紲/th錛烇紲/tr錛? 錛? for user in @users %錛? 錛渢r錛烇紲td錛烇紲%= user.name %錛烇紲/td錛? 錛? end %錛? 錛?table錛? 錛渉r錛? 錛?= pagination_links(@user_pages) %錛? 錛渉r錛? |
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The Ruby Way
Programming Ruby 2nd edition
Agile Web Development with Rails
Best of Ruby Quiz
Rails Recipes
Enterprise Integration with Ruby
Ruby Hacking Guide
Ruby In A Nutshell
http://www.itpub.net/forum61.html
閲屽ぇ澶氭湁涓嬶紝閲嶇偣鎺ㄨ崘
Programming Ruby 2nd edition
Agile Web Development with Rails
涓浜涗笉閿欑殑璁哄潧 鍙婄綉绔?br />鍥藉唴鐨?br />http://railscn.crispynews.com/
http://www.railscn.com
http://chinaonrails.com
http://r4rclub.schtuff.com/
http://forum.javaeye.com
http://rorwiki.hellopen.net
鍥藉鐨?br />http://www.ruby-forum.com/
http://www.rubyonrailsforum.com/rails-code-questions/
http://rubyforge.org/
http://www.rubyonrails.org/
http://www.ruby-lang.org/en/
http://www.webrick.org/
http://www.yaml.org/
blog
<鍗氬>
閾侀亾鎾錛氭湁璇稿瑙嗛鏁欑▼
http://rorcast.blogger2blogger.com/
my4java鐨勬枃瀛楀崥瀹細鏈夊緢澶氭暀紼嬬殑璇戠ǹ銆佺瑪璁扮瓑
http://my4java.itpub.net/
cnruby閬撳枩鎶鏈棩璁幫細浼楀瀹炰緥鏁欑▼
http://www.hhtong.com/blog1/
caphe鐨勫崥瀹?
http://m.tkk7.com/cap
Caiwangqin鐨勫崥瀹?
http://www.uuzone.com/blog/uu_1115110/
涓枃RubyOnRailsWiki
http://rorwiki.hellopen.net/index.p...%A6%96%E9%A1%B5
鍏充簬rails鍜宎jax鐩哥粨鍚?br />http://www.rubynoob.com/
榪欎釜褰撲腑鏈変竴浜涗粙緇?br />http://www.railscn.com/about704.html
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