| 鏁版嵁綾誨瀷 | 鍙傛暟 | 鎻忚堪 |
| char(n) | n=1 to 2000瀛楄妭 | 瀹氶暱瀛楃涓詫紝n瀛楄妭闀匡紝濡傛灉涓嶆寚瀹氶暱搴︼紝緙虹渷涓?涓瓧鑺傞暱錛堜竴涓眽瀛椾負(fù)2瀛楄妭錛?/td> |
| varchar2(n) | n=1 to 4000瀛楄妭 | 鍙彉闀跨殑瀛楃涓詫紝鍏蜂綋瀹氫箟鏃舵寚鏄庢渶澶ч暱搴錛?br />
榪欑鏁版嵁綾誨瀷鍙互鏀炬暟瀛椼佸瓧姣嶄互鍙?qiáng)ASCII鐮佸瓧絎﹂泦(鎴栬匛BCDIC絳夋暟鎹簱緋葷粺鎺ュ彈鐨勫瓧絎﹂泦鏍囧噯)涓殑鎵鏈夌鍙楓?br />
濡傛灉鏁版嵁闀垮害娌℃湁杈懼埌鏈澶у糿錛孫racle 8i浼?xì)鏍规嵁鏁版嵁澶畯鑷姩璋冭妭瀛棇D甸暱搴︼紝 濡傛灉浣犵殑鏁版嵁鍓嶅悗鏈夌┖鏍鹼紝Oracle 8i浼?xì)鑷姩灏嗗叾鍒犲巺R俈ARCHAR2鏄渶甯哥敤鐨勬暟鎹被鍨嬨?br /> 鍙仛绱㈠紩鐨勬渶澶ч暱搴?209銆?/td> |
| number(m,n) | m=1 to 38 n=-84 to 127 |
鍙彉闀跨殑鏁板煎垪錛屽厑璁?銆佹鍊煎強(qiáng)璐熷鹼紝m鏄墍鏈夋湁鏁堟暟瀛楃殑浣嶆暟錛宯鏄皬鏁扮偣浠ュ悗鐨勪綅鏁般?br /> 濡傦細(xì)number(5,2)錛屽垯榪欎釜瀛楁鐨勬渶澶у兼槸99,999錛屽鏋滄暟鍊艱秴鍑轟簡浣嶆暟闄愬埗灝變細(xì)琚埅鍙栧浣欑殑浣嶆暟銆?br /> 濡傦細(xì)number(5,2)錛屼絾鍦ㄤ竴琛屾暟鎹腑鐨勮繖涓瓧孌佃緭鍏?75.316錛屽垯鐪熸淇濆瓨鍒板瓧孌典腑鐨勬暟鍊兼槸575.32銆?br /> 濡傦細(xì)number(3,0)錛岃緭鍏?75.316錛岀湡姝ｄ繚瀛樼殑鏁版嵁鏄?75銆? |
| date | 鏃?/td> | 浠庡叕鍏冨墠4712騫?鏈?鏃ュ埌鍏厓4712騫?2鏈?1鏃ョ殑鎵鏈夊悎娉曟棩鏈燂紝 Oracle 8i鍏跺疄鍦ㄥ唴閮ㄦ槸鎸?涓瓧鑺傛潵淇濆瓨鏃ユ湡鏁版嵁錛屽湪瀹氫箟涓繕鍖呮嫭灝忔椂銆佸垎銆佺銆?br /> 緙虹渷鏍煎紡涓篋D-MON-YY錛屽07-11鏈?00 琛ㄧず2000騫?1鏈?鏃ャ? |
| long | 鏃?/td> | 鍙彉闀垮瓧絎﹀垪錛屾渶澶ч暱搴﹂檺鍒舵槸2GB錛岀敤浜庝笉闇瑕佷綔瀛楃涓叉悳绱㈢殑闀夸覆鏁版嵁錛屽鏋滆榪涜瀛楃鎼滅儲灝辮鐢╲archar2綾誨瀷銆?br /> long鏄竴縐嶈緝鑰佺殑鏁版嵁綾誨瀷錛屽皢鏉ヤ細(xì)閫愭笎琚獴LOB銆丆LOB銆丯CLOB絳夊ぇ鐨勫璞℃暟鎹被鍨嬫墍鍙栦唬銆? |
| raw(n) | n=1 to 2000 | 鍙彉闀夸簩榪涘埗鏁版嵁錛屽湪鍏蜂綋瀹氫箟瀛楁鐨勬椂鍊欏繀欏繪寚鏄庢渶澶ч暱搴錛孫racle 8i鐢ㄨ繖縐嶆牸寮忔潵淇濆瓨杈冨皬鐨勫浘褰㈡枃浠舵垨甯︽牸寮忕殑鏂囨湰鏂囦歡錛屽Miceosoft Word鏂囨。銆?br /> raw鏄竴縐嶈緝鑰佺殑鏁版嵁綾誨瀷錛屽皢鏉ヤ細(xì)閫愭笎琚獴LOB銆丆LOB銆丯CLOB絳夊ぇ鐨勫璞℃暟鎹被鍨嬫墍鍙栦唬銆? |
| long raw | 鏃?/td> | 鍙彉闀夸簩榪涘埗鏁版嵁錛屾渶澶ч暱搴︽槸2GB銆侽racle 8i鐢ㄨ繖縐嶆牸寮忔潵淇濆瓨杈冨ぇ鐨勫浘褰㈡枃浠舵垨甯︽牸寮忕殑鏂囨湰鏂囦歡錛屽Miceosoft Word鏂囨。錛屼互鍙?qiáng)闊抽銆佽棰戠瓑闈炴枃鏈枃浠躲?br /> 鍦ㄥ悓涓寮犺〃涓笉鑳藉悓鏃舵湁long綾誨瀷鍜宭ong raw綾誨瀷錛宭ong raw涔熸槸涓縐嶈緝鑰佺殑鏁版嵁綾誨瀷錛屽皢鏉ヤ細(xì)閫愭笎琚獴LOB銆丆LOB銆丯CLOB絳夊ぇ鐨勫璞℃暟鎹被鍨嬫墍鍙栦唬銆? |
| blob clob nclob |
鏃?/td> | 涓夌澶у瀷瀵硅薄(LOB)錛岀敤鏉ヤ繚瀛樿緝澶х殑鍥懼艦鏂囦歡鎴栧甫鏍煎紡鐨勬枃鏈枃浠訛紝濡侻iceosoft Word鏂囨。錛屼互鍙?qiáng)闊抽銆佽棰戠瓑闈炴枃鏈枃浠訛紝鏈澶ч暱搴︽槸4GB銆?br /> LOB鏈夊嚑縐嶇被鍨嬶紝鍙栧喅浜庝綘浣跨敤鐨勫瓧鑺傜殑綾誨瀷錛孫racle 8i瀹炲疄鍦ㄥ湪鍦板皢榪欎簺鏁版嵁瀛樺偍鍦ㄦ暟鎹簱鍐呴儴淇濆瓨銆?br /> 鍙互鎵ц璇誨彇銆佸瓨鍌ㄣ佸啓鍏ョ瓑鐗規(guī)畩鎿嶄綔銆? |
| bfile | 鏃?/td> | 鍦ㄦ暟鎹簱澶栭儴淇濆瓨鐨勫ぇ鍨嬩簩榪涘埗瀵硅薄鏂囦歡錛屾渶澶ч暱搴︽槸4GB銆?br /> 榪欑澶栭儴鐨凩OB綾誨瀷錛岄氳繃鏁版嵁搴撹褰曞彉鍖栨儏鍐碉紝浣嗘槸鏁版嵁鐨勫叿浣撲繚瀛樻槸鍦ㄦ暟鎹簱澶栭儴榪涜鐨勩?br /> Oracle 8i鍙互璇誨彇銆佹煡璇FILE錛屼絾鏄笉鑳藉啓鍏ャ?br /> 澶у皬鐢辨搷浣滅郴緇熷喅瀹氥? |
]]>
琛ˋ MySQL 鏁版嵁綾誨瀷
|
鏁版嵁綾誨瀷 |
鎻忚堪 |
瀛楄妭 |
鎺ㄨ崘浣跨敤 |
|
SMALLINT |
鏁存暟錛屼粠-32000鍒?+32000鑼冨洿 |
2 |
瀛樺偍鐩稿姣旇緝?yōu)畯鐨勬暣鏁般?/p> 姣斿: 騫寸邯錛屾暟閲?/p> |
|
INT |
鏁存暟錛屼粠-2000000000 鍒?+2000000000 鑼冨洿 |
4 |
瀛樺偍涓瓑鏁存暟 渚嬪: 璺濈 |
|
BIGINT |
涓嶈兘鐢⊿MALLINT 鎴?INT鎻忚堪鐨勮秴澶ф暣鏁般?/p> |
8 |
瀛樺偍瓚呭ぇ鐨勬暣鏁?/p> 渚嬪: 縐戝/鏁板鏁版嵁 |
|
FLOAT |
鍗曠簿搴︽誕鐐瑰瀷鏁版嵁 |
4 |
瀛樺偍灝忔暟鏁版嵁 渚嬪:嫻嬮噺錛屾俯搴?/p> |
|
DOUBLE |
鍙岀簿搴︽誕鐐瑰瀷鏁版嵁 |
8 |
闇瑕佸弻綺懼害瀛樺偍鐨勫皬鏁版暟鎹?/p> 渚嬪:縐戝鏁版嵁 |
|
DECIMAL |
鐢ㄦ埛鑷畾涔夌簿搴︾殑嫻偣鍨嬫暟鎹?/p> |
鍙橀噺;鍙栧喅浜庣簿搴︿笌闀垮害 |
浠ョ壒鍒珮鐨勭簿搴﹀瓨鍌ㄥ皬鏁版暟鎹?/p> 渚嬪:璐у竵鏁伴錛岀瀛︽暟鎹?/p> |
|
CHAR |
鍥哄畾闀垮害鐨勫瓧絎︿覆 |
鐗瑰畾瀛楃涓查暱搴?楂樿揪255瀛楃) |
瀛樺偍閫氬父鍖呭惈棰勫畾涔夊瓧絎︿覆鐨勫彉閲?/p> 渚嬪: 瀹氭湡鑸嚎錛屽浗瀹舵垨閭紪 |
|
VARCHAR |
鍏鋒湁鏈澶ч檺鍒剁殑鍙彉闀垮害鐨勫瓧絎︿覆 |
鍙橀噺; 1 + 瀹為檯瀛楃涓查暱搴?(楂樿揪 255 瀛楃) |
瀛樺偍涓嶅悓闀垮害鐨勫瓧絎︿覆鍊?楂樿揪涓涓壒瀹氱殑鏈澶ч檺搴?. 渚嬪:鍚嶅瓧錛屽瘑鐮侊紝鐭枃鏍囩 |
|
TEXT |
娌℃湁鏈澶ч暱搴﹂檺鍒剁殑鍙彉闀垮害鐨勫瓧絎︿覆 |
Variable; 2 +鑱?actual string length |
瀛樺偍澶у瀷鏂囨湰鏁版嵁 渚嬪: 鏂伴椈鏁呬簨錛屼駭鍝佹弿榪?/p> |
|
BLOB |
浜岃繘鍒跺瓧絎︿覆 |
鍙橀噺錛? + 瀹為檯瀛楃涓查暱搴?/p> |
瀛樺偍浜岃繘鍒舵暟鎹?/p> 渚嬪:鍥劇墖錛岄檮浠訛紝浜岃繘鍒舵枃妗?/p> |
|
DATE |
浠?yyyy-mm-dd鏍煎紡鐨勬棩鏈?/p> |
3 |
瀛樺偍鏃ユ湡 渚嬪:鐢熸棩錛屼駭鍝佹弧鏈?/p> |
|
TIME |
浠?hh:mm:ss鏍煎紡鐨勬椂闂?/p> |
3 |
瀛樺偍鏃墮棿鎴栨椂闂撮棿闅?/p> 渚嬪:鎶ヨ澹幫紝涓ゆ椂闂翠箣闂寸殑闂撮殧錛屼換鍔″紑濮?緇撴潫鏃墮棿 |
|
DATETIME |
浠yyy-mm-ddhh:mm:ss鏍煎紡緇撳悎鏃ユ湡鍜屾椂闂?/p> |
8 |
瀛樺偍鍖呭惈鏃ユ湡鍜屾椂闂寸殑鏁版嵁 渚嬪:鎻愰啋鐨勪漢錛屼簨浠?/p> |
|
TIMESTAMP |
浠yyy-mm-ddhh:mm:ss鏍煎紡緇撳悎鏃ユ湡鍜屾椂闂?/p> |
4 |
璁板綍鍗蟲椂鏃墮棿 渚嬪錛氫簨浠舵彁閱掑櫒錛?#8220;鏈鍚庤繘鍏?#8221;鐨勬椂闂存爣璁?/p> |
|
YEAR |
浠?yyyy鏍煎紡鐨勫勾浠?/p> |
1 |
瀛樺偍騫翠喚 渚嬪:姣曚笟騫達(dá)紝鍑虹敓騫?/p> |
|
ENUM |
涓緇勬暟鎹紝鐢ㄦ埛鍙粠涓夋嫨鍏朵腑涓涓?/p> |
1鎴?2涓瓧鑺?/p> |
瀛樺偍瀛楃灞炴э紝鍙兘浠庝腑閫夋嫨涔嬩竴 渚嬪:甯冨皵閲忛夋嫨錛屽鎬у埆 |
|
SET |
涓緇勬暟鎹紝鐢ㄦ埛鍙粠涓夋嫨鍏朵腑0錛?鎴栨洿澶氥?/p> |
浠?鍒?瀛楄妭;鍙栧喅浜庤緗殑澶у皬 |
瀛樺偍瀛楃灞炴э紝鍙粠涓夋嫨澶氫釜瀛楃鐨勮仈鍚堛?/p> 渚嬪:澶氶夐」閫夋嫨錛屾瘮濡備笟浣欑埍濂藉拰鍏磋叮銆?/p> |
瀵逛簬涓涓畬鏁寸殑鍒楄〃鍜岃緇嗘弿榪幫紝鍙互鏌ョ湅MySQL manual銆備綘涔熷彲浠ラ槄璇繪枃绔?em>Choosing the Right Type for a Column銆?/em>
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鍏崇郴鏁版嵁搴撹璁′箣鏃舵槸瑕侀伒瀹堜竴瀹氱殑瑙勫垯鐨勩傚挨鍏舵槸鏁版嵁搴撹寖寮?鐜扮畝鍗曚粙緇?NF錛堢涓鑼冨紡錛夛紝2NF錛堢浜岃寖寮忥級錛?NF錛堢涓夎寖寮忥級鍜孊CNF錛屽彟鏈夌鍥涜寖寮忓拰絎簲鑼冨紡鐣欏埌浠ュ悗鍐嶄粙緇嶃?鍦ㄤ綘璁捐鏁版嵁搴撲箣鏃訛紝鑻ヨ兘絎﹀悎榪欏嚑涓寖寮忥紝浣犲氨鏄暟鎹簱璁捐鐨勯珮鎵嬨?/font>
絎竴鑼冨紡錛?NF錛夛細(xì)鍦ㄥ叧緋繪ā寮廟涓殑姣忎竴涓叿浣撳叧緋籸涓紝濡傛灉姣忎釜灞炴у?閮芥槸涓嶅彲鍐嶅垎鐨勬渶灝忔暟鎹崟浣嶏紝鍒欑ОR鏄涓鑼冨紡鐨勫叧緋匯備緥錛氬鑱屽伐鍙鳳紝濮撳悕錛岀數(shù)璇濆彿鐮佺粍鎴愪竴涓〃錛堜竴涓漢鍙兘鏈変竴涓姙鍏鐢?shù)璇?鍜屼竴涓閲岀數(shù)璇濆彿鐮侊級 瑙勮寖鎴愪負(fù)1NF鏈変笁縐嶆柟娉曪細(xì)
涓鏄噸澶嶅瓨鍌ㄨ亴宸ュ彿鍜屽鍚嶃傝繖鏍鳳紝鍏抽敭瀛楀彧鑳芥槸鐢?shù)璇濆忥L(fēng)爜銆?
浜屾槸鑱屽伐鍙蜂負(fù)鍏抽敭瀛楋紝鐢?shù)璇濆忥L(fēng)爜鍒嗕負(fù)鍗曚綅鐢?shù)璇濆拰浣忓畢鐢?shù)璇濅袱涓睘鎬?
涓夋槸鑱屽伐鍙蜂負(fù)鍏抽敭瀛楋紝浣嗗己鍒舵瘡鏉¤褰曞彧鑳芥湁涓涓數(shù)璇濆彿鐮併?
浠ヤ笂涓変釜鏂規(guī)硶錛岀涓縐嶆柟娉曟渶涓嶅彲鍙栵紝鎸夊疄闄呮儏鍐甸夊彇鍚庝袱縐嶆儏鍐點(diǎn)?
絎簩鑼冨紡錛?NF錛夛細(xì)濡傛灉鍏崇郴妯″紡R錛圲錛孎錛変腑鐨勬墍鏈夐潪涓誨睘鎬ч兘瀹屽叏渚濊禆浜庝換鎰忎竴涓欓夊叧閿瓧錛屽垯縐板叧緋籖 鏄睘浜庣浜岃寖寮忕殑銆?
渚嬶細(xì)閫夎鍏崇郴 SCI錛圫NO錛孋NO錛孏RADE錛孋REDIT錛夊叾涓璖NO涓哄鍙鳳紝 CNO涓鴻紼嬪彿錛孏RADEGE 涓烘垚緇╋紝CREDIT 涓哄鍒嗐?鐢變互涓婃潯浠訛紝鍏抽敭瀛椾負(fù)緇勫悎鍏抽敭瀛楋紙SNO錛孋NO錛?
鍦ㄥ簲鐢ㄤ腑浣跨敤浠ヤ笂鍏崇郴妯″紡鏈変互涓嬮棶棰橈細(xì)
a.鏁版嵁鍐椾綑錛屽亣璁懼悓涓闂ㄨ鐢?0涓鐢熼変慨錛屽鍒嗗氨 閲嶅40嬈°?
b.鏇存柊寮傚父錛岃嫢璋冩暣浜嗘煇璇劇▼鐨勫鍒嗭紝鐩稿簲鐨勫厓緇凜REDIT鍊奸兘瑕佹洿鏂幫紝鏈夊彲鑳戒細(xì)鍑虹幇鍚屼竴闂ㄨ瀛﹀垎涓嶅悓銆?
c.鎻掑叆寮傚父錛屽璁″垝寮鏂拌錛岀敱浜庢病浜洪変慨錛屾病鏈夊鍙峰叧閿瓧錛屽彧鑳界瓑鏈変漢閫変慨鎵嶈兘鎶婅紼嬪拰瀛﹀垎瀛樺叆銆?
d.鍒犻櫎寮傚父錛岃嫢瀛︾敓宸茬粡緇撲笟錛屼粠褰撳墠鏁版嵁搴撳垹闄ら変慨璁板綍銆傛煇浜涢棬璇劇▼鏂扮敓灝氭湭閫変慨錛屽垯姝ら棬璇劇▼鍙?qiáng)瀛﹀垎璁板綍鏃犳硶淇濆瓨銆?
鍘熷洜錛氶潪鍏抽敭瀛楀睘鎬REDIT浠呭嚱鏁頒緷璧栦簬CNO錛屼篃灝辨槸CREDIT閮ㄥ垎渚濊禆緇勫悎鍏抽敭瀛楋紙SNO錛孋NO錛夎屼笉鏄畬鍏ㄤ緷璧栥?
瑙ｅ喅鏂規(guī)硶錛氬垎鎴愪袱涓叧緋繪ā寮?SC1錛圫NO錛孋NO錛孏RADE錛夛紝C2錛圕NO錛孋REDIT錛夈傛柊鍏崇郴鍖呮嫭涓や釜鍏崇郴妯″紡錛屽畠浠箣闂撮氳繃SC1涓殑澶栧叧閿瓧CNO鐩歌仈緋伙紝闇瑕佹椂鍐嶈繘琛岃嚜鐒惰仈鎺ワ紝鎭㈠浜嗗師鏉ョ殑鍏崇郴
絎笁鑼冨紡錛?NF錛夛細(xì)濡傛灉鍏崇郴妯″紡R錛圲錛孎錛変腑鐨勬墍鏈夐潪涓誨睘鎬у浠諱綍鍊欓夊叧閿瓧閮戒笉瀛樺湪浼犻掍俊璧栵紝鍒欑О鍏崇郴R鏄睘浜庣涓夎寖寮忕殑銆?
渚嬶細(xì)濡係1錛圫NO錛孲NAME錛孌NO錛孌NAME錛孡OCATION錛?鍚勫睘鎬у垎鍒唬琛ㄥ鍙鳳紝
濮撳悕錛屾墍鍦ㄧ郴錛岀郴鍚嶇О錛岀郴鍦板潃銆?
鍏抽敭瀛桽NO鍐沖畾鍚勪釜灞炴с傜敱浜庢槸鍗曚釜鍏抽敭瀛楋紝娌℃湁閮ㄥ垎渚濊禆鐨勯棶棰橈紝鑲畾鏄?NF銆備絾榪欏叧緋昏偗瀹氭湁澶ч噺鐨勫啑浣欙紝鏈夊叧瀛︾敓鎵鍦ㄧ殑鍑犱釜灞炴NO錛孌NAME錛孡OCATION灝嗛噸澶嶅瓨鍌紝鎻掑叆錛屽垹闄ゅ拰淇敼鏃朵篃灝嗕駭鐢熺被浼間互涓婁緥鐨勬儏鍐點(diǎn)?
鍘熷洜錛氬叧緋諱腑瀛樺湪浼犻掍緷璧栭犳垚鐨勩傚嵆SNO -> DNO銆?鑰孌NO -> SNO鍗翠笉瀛樺湪錛孌NO -> LOCATION, 鍥犳鍏抽敭杈?SNO 瀵?LOCATION 鍑芥暟鍐沖畾鏄氳繃浼犻掍緷璧?SNO -> LOCATION 瀹炵幇鐨勩備篃灝辨槸璇達(dá)紝SNO涓嶇洿鎺ュ喅瀹氶潪涓誨睘鎬OCATION銆?
瑙ｅ喅鐩湴錛氭瘡涓叧緋繪ā寮忎腑涓嶈兘鐣欐湁浼犻掍緷璧栥?
瑙ｅ喅鏂規(guī)硶錛氬垎涓轟袱涓叧緋?S錛圫NO錛孲NAME錛孌NO錛夛紝D錛圖NO錛孌NAME錛孡OCATION錛?
娉ㄦ剰錛氬叧緋籗涓笉鑳芥病鏈夊鍏抽敭瀛桪NO銆傚惁鍒欎袱涓叧緋諱箣闂村け鍘昏仈緋匯?/p>
BCNF錛氬鏋滃叧緋繪ā寮廟錛圲錛孎錛夌殑鎵鏈夊睘鎬э紙鍖呮嫭涓誨睘鎬у拰闈炰富灞炴э級閮戒笉浼犻掍緷璧栦簬R鐨勪換浣曞欓夊叧閿瓧錛岄偅涔堢О鍏崇郴R鏄睘浜嶣CNF鐨勩傛垨鏄叧緋繪ā寮廟錛屽鏋滄瘡涓喅瀹氬洜绱犻兘鍖呭惈鍏抽敭瀛楋紙鑰屼笉鏄鍏抽敭瀛楁墍鍖呭惈錛夛紝鍒橰CNF鐨勫叧緋繪ā寮忋?
渚嬶細(xì)閰嶄歡綆＄悊鍏崇郴妯″紡 WPE錛圵NO錛孭NO錛孍NO錛孮NT錛夊垎鍒〃浠撳簱鍙鳳紝閰嶄歡鍙鳳紝鑱屽伐鍙鳳紝鏁伴噺銆傛湁浠ヤ笅鏉′歡
a.涓涓粨搴撴湁澶氫釜鑱屽伐銆?
b.涓涓亴宸ヤ粎鍦ㄤ竴涓粨搴撳伐浣溿?
c.姣忎釜浠撳簱閲屼竴縐嶅瀷鍙風(fēng)殑閰嶄歡鐢變笓浜鴻礋璐ｏ紝浣嗕竴涓漢鍙互綆＄悊鍑犵閰嶄歡銆?
d.鍚屼竴縐嶅瀷鍙風(fēng)殑閰嶄歡鍙互鍒嗘斁鍦ㄥ嚑涓粨搴撲腑銆?
鍒嗘瀽錛氱敱浠ヤ笂寰?PNO 涓嶈兘紜畾QNT錛岀敱緇勫悎灞炴э紙WNO錛孭NO錛夋潵鍐沖畾錛屽瓨鍦ㄥ嚱鏁頒緷璧栵紙WNO錛孭NO錛?-> ENO銆傜敱浜庢瘡涓粨搴撻噷鐨勪竴縐嶉厤浠剁敱涓撲漢璐熻矗錛岃屼竴涓漢鍙互綆＄悊鍑犵閰嶄歡錛屾墍浠ユ湁緇勫悎灞炴э紙WNO錛孭NO錛夋墠鑳界‘瀹氳礋璐ｄ漢錛屾湁錛圵NO錛孭NO錛?> ENO銆傚洜涓?涓涓亴宸ヤ粎鍦ㄤ竴涓粨搴撳伐浣滐紝鏈塃NO -> WNO銆傜敱浜庢瘡涓粨搴撻噷鐨勪竴縐嶉厤浠剁敱涓撲漢璐熻矗錛岃屼竴涓亴宸ヤ粎鍦ㄤ竴涓粨搴撳伐浣滐紝鏈?錛圗NO錛孭NO錛?> QNT銆?
鎵句竴涓嬪欓夊叧閿瓧錛屽洜涓猴紙WNO錛孭NO錛?-> QNT錛岋紙WNO錛孭NO錛?> ENO 錛屽洜姝?錛圵NO錛孭NO錛夊彲浠ュ喅瀹氭暣涓厓緇勶紝鏄竴涓欓夊叧閿瓧銆傛牴鎹瓻NO->WNO錛岋紙ENO錛孭NO錛?>QNT錛屾晠錛圗NO錛孭NO錛変篃鑳藉喅瀹氭暣涓厓緇勶紝涓哄彟涓涓欓夊叧閿瓧銆傚睘鎬NO錛學(xué)NO錛孭NO 鍧囦負(fù)涓誨睘鎬э紝鍙湁涓涓潪涓誨睘鎬NT銆傚畠瀵逛換浣曚竴涓欓夊叧閿瓧閮芥槸瀹屽叏鍑芥暟渚濊禆鐨勶紝騫朵笖鏄洿鎺ヤ緷璧栵紝鎵浠ヨ鍏崇郴妯″紡鏄?NF銆?
鍒嗘瀽涓涓嬩富灞炴с傚洜涓篍NO->WNO錛屼富灞炴NO鏄疻NO鐨勫喅瀹氬洜绱狅紝浣嗘槸瀹冩湰韜笉鏄叧閿瓧錛屽彧鏄粍鍚堝叧閿瓧鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎銆傝繖灝遍犳垚涓誨睘鎬NO瀵瑰彟澶栦竴涓欓夊叧閿瓧錛圗NO錛孭NO錛夌殑閮?鍒嗕緷璧栵紝鍥犱負(fù)錛圗NO錛孭NO錛?> ENO浣嗗弽榪囨潵涓嶆垚绔嬶紝鑰孭->WNO錛屾晠錛圗NO錛孭NO錛?> WNO 涔熸槸浼犻掍緷璧栥?
铏界劧娌℃湁闈炰富灞炴у鍊欓夊叧閿窘鐨勪紶閫掍緷璧栵紝浣嗗瓨鍦ㄤ富灞炴у鍊欓夊叧閿瓧鐨勪紶閫掍緷璧栵紝鍚屾牱涔熶細(xì)甯︽潵楹葷儲銆傚涓涓柊鑱屽伐鍒嗛厤鍒頒粨搴撳伐浣滐紝浣嗘殏鏃跺浜庡疄涔?fàn)闃秾D碉紝娌℃湁鐙珛璐熻矗瀵規(guī)煇浜涢厤浠剁殑綆＄悊浠誨姟銆傜敱浜庣己灝戝叧閿瓧鐨勪竴閮ㄥ垎PNO鑰屾棤娉曟彃鍏ュ埌璇ュ叧緋諱腑鍘匯傚張濡傛煇涓漢鏀規(guī)垚涓嶇閰嶄歡浜嗗幓璐熻矗瀹夊叏錛屽垯鍦ㄥ垹闄ら厤浠剁殑鍚屾椂璇ヨ亴宸ヤ篃浼?xì)琚垹闄ゃ?
瑙ｅ喅鍔炴硶錛氬垎鎴愮鐞咵P錛圗NO錛孭NO錛孮NT錛夛紝鍏抽敭瀛楁槸錛圗NO錛孭NO錛夊伐浣淓W錛圗NO錛學(xué)NO錛夊叾鍏抽敭瀛楁槸ENO
緙虹偣錛氬垎瑙ｅ悗鍑芥暟渚濊禆鐨勪繚鎸佹ц緝宸傚姝や緥涓紝鐢變簬鍒嗚В,鍑芥暟渚濊禆錛圵NO錛孭NO錛?> ENO 涓㈠け浜? 鍥犺屽鍘熸潵鐨勮涔夋湁鎵鐮村潖銆傛病鏈変綋鐜板嚭姣忎釜浠撳簱閲屼竴縐嶉儴浠剁敱涓撲漢璐熻矗銆傛湁鍙兘鍑虹幇 涓閮ㄤ歡鐢變袱涓漢鎴栦袱涓互涓婄殑浜烘潵鍚屾椂綆＄悊銆傚洜姝わ紝鍒嗚В涔嬪悗鐨勫叧緋繪ā寮忛檷浣庝簡閮ㄥ垎瀹屾暣鎬х害鏉熴?
涓涓叧緋誨垎瑙ｆ垚澶氫釜鍏崇郴錛岃浣垮緱鍒嗚В鏈夋剰涔夛紝璧風(fēng)爜鐨勮姹傛槸鍒嗚В鍚庝笉涓㈠け鍘熸潵鐨勪俊鎭傝繖浜涗俊鎭笉浠呭寘鎷暟鎹湰韜紝鑰屼笖鍖呮嫭鐢卞嚱鏁頒緷璧栨墍琛ㄧず鐨勬暟鎹箣闂寸殑鐩鎬簰鍒剁害銆傝繘琛屽垎瑙ｇ殑鐩爣鏄揪鍒版洿楂樹竴綰х殑瑙勮寖鍖栫▼搴︼紝浣嗘槸鍒嗚В鐨勫悓鏃跺繀欏昏冭檻涓や釜闂錛氭棤鎹熻仈鎺ユу拰淇濇寔鍑芥暟渚濊禆銆傛湁鏃跺線寰涓嶅彲鑳藉仛鍒版棦鏈夋棤鎹熻仈鎺ユэ紝鍙堝畬鍏ㄤ繚鎸佸嚱鏁頒緷璧栥傞渶瑕佹牴鎹渶瑕佽繘琛屾潈琛°?
1NF鐩村埌BCNF鐨勫洓縐嶈寖寮忎箣闂存湁濡備笅鍏崇郴錛?
BCNF鍖呭惈浜?NF鍖呭惈2NF鍖呭惈1NF
灝忕粨錛?/strong>
鐩湴錛氳鑼冨寲鐩殑鏄嬌緇撴瀯鏇村悎鐞嗭紝娑堥櫎瀛樺偍寮傚父錛屼嬌鏁版嵁鍐椾綑灝介噺灝忥紝渚夸簬鎻掑叆銆佸垹闄ゅ拰鏇存柊
鍘熷垯錛氶伒浠庢蹇靛崟涓鍖?"涓浜嬩竴鍦?鍘熷垯錛屽嵆涓涓叧緋繪ā寮忔弿榪頒竴涓疄浣撴垨瀹炰綋闂寸殑涓縐嶈仈緋匯傝鑼冪殑瀹炶川灝辨槸姒傚康鐨勫崟涓鍖栥?
鏂規(guī)硶錛氬皢鍏崇郴妯″紡鎶曞獎(jiǎng)鍒嗚В鎴愪袱涓垨涓や釜浠ヤ笂鐨勫叧緋繪ā寮忋?
瑕佹眰錛氬垎瑙ｅ悗鐨勫叧緋繪ā寮忛泦鍚堝簲褰撲笌鍘熷叧緋繪ā寮?絳変環(huán)"錛屽嵆緇忚繃鑷劧鑱旀帴鍙互鎭㈠鍘熷叧緋昏屼笉涓㈠け淇℃伅錛屽茍淇濇寔灞炴ч棿鍚堢悊鐨勮仈緋匯?
娉ㄦ剰錛氫竴涓叧緋繪ā寮忕粨榪欏垎瑙ｅ彲浠ュ緱鍒頒笉鍚屽叧緋繪ā寮忛泦鍚堬紝涔熷氨鏄鍒嗚В鏂規(guī)硶涓嶆槸鍞竴鐨勩傛渶灝忓啑浣欑殑瑕佹眰蹇呴』浠ュ垎瑙ｅ悗鐨勬暟鎹簱鑳藉琛ㄨ揪鍘熸潵鏁版嵁搴撴墍鏈変俊鎭負(fù)鍓嶆彁鏉ュ疄鐜般傚叾鏍規(guī)湰鐩爣鏄妭鐪佸瓨鍌ㄧ┖闂達(dá)紝閬垮厤鏁版嵁涓嶄竴鑷存э紝鎻愰珮瀵瑰叧緋葷殑鎿嶄綔鏁堢巼錛屽悓鏃舵弧瓚沖簲鐢ㄩ渶姹傘傚疄闄呬笂錛屽茍涓嶄竴瀹氳姹傚叏閮ㄦā寮忛兘杈懼埌BCNF涓嶅彲銆傛湁鏃舵晠鎰忎繚鐣欓儴鍒嗗啑浣欏彲鑳芥洿鏂逛究鏁版嵁鏌ヨ銆傚挨鍏跺浜庨偅浜涙洿鏂伴搴︿笉楂橈紝鏌ヨ棰戝害鏋侀珮鐨勬暟鎹簱緋葷粺鏇存槸濡傛銆?
鍦ㄥ叧緋繪暟鎹簱涓紝闄や簡鍑芥暟渚濊禆涔嬪榪樻湁澶氬間緷璧栵紝鑱旀帴渚濊禆鐨勯棶棰橈紝浠庤屾彁鍑轟簡絎洓鑼冨紡錛岀浜旇寖寮忕瓑鏇撮珮涓綰х殑瑙勮寖鍖栬姹傘傚湪姝わ紝浠ュ悗鍐嶈皥銆?
鍚勪綅鏈嬪弸錛屼綘鐪嬭繃鍚庢湁浣曟劅鎯籌紝鍏跺疄錛屼換浣曚竴鏈暟鎹簱鍩虹鐞嗚鐨勪功閮戒細(xì)璁茶繖浜涗笢瑗匡紝鑰冭檻鍒板緢澶氱綉鍙嬫槸鍗婇斿嚭瀹訛紝鏉ュ仛鏁版嵁搴撱傜壒鎵句竴鏈功澶ф妱鐗規(guī)妱涓鎶婏紝鍚勪綅鏈変粈涔堥棶棰橈紝涔熷埆闂垜浜嗭紝鑷凡鍘繪壘涓鏈叧緋繪暟鎹簱鐞嗚鐨勪功鍘葷湅鍚э紝璇翠笉瀹氾紝瀵瑰悇浣嶅ぇ鏈夊府鍔┿傝鏄浠ヤ笂鏄熀紜鐞嗚鐨勪笢瑗匡紝璇峰ぇ瀹舵兂鎯籌紝浣犲湪鍋氭暟鎹簱璁捐鐨勬椂鍊欐湁娌℃湁鑰冭檻榪囬伒榪囦互涓婂嚑涓寖寮忓憿錛屾湁娌℃湁鍦ㄦ暟鎹簱璁捐鍋氬緱涓嶅ソ涔嬫椂錛屾兂涓鎯籌紝瀵規(guī)瘮浠ヤ笂鎵璁詫紝鍒板簳鏄繚鍙嶄簡絎嚑涓寖寮忓憿錛?
鎴戣榪囩殑鏁版嵁搴撹璁★紝寰堝皯鏈変漢鍋氬埌寰堢鍚堜互涓婂嚑涓寖寮忕殑錛屼竴鑸鏉ワ紝絎竴鑼冨紡澶у閮藉彲浠ラ伒瀹堬紝瀹屽叏閬靛畧絎簩絎笁鑼冨紡鐨勪漢寰堝皯浜嗭紝閬靛畧鐨勪漢涓瀹氬氨鏄璁℃暟鎹簱鐨勯珮鎵嬩簡錛孊CNF鐨勮寖寮忓嚭鐜版満浼?xì)杈優(yōu)畱锛岃屼笖浼?xì)鐮村潖瀹屾暣鎬э紝浣犲彲浠ュ湪鍋氳璁′箣鏃朵笉鑰冭檻瀹冿紝褰撶劧鍦∣RACLE涓彲閫氳繃瑙﹀彂鍣ㄨВ鍐沖叾緙虹偣銆備互鍚庢垜浠叡鍚屽仛璁捐涔嬫椂錛屼篃甯屾湜澶у閬靛畧浠ヤ笂鍑犱釜鑼冨紡銆?/p>
浠涔堟槸鏁版嵁搴?
鏁版嵁搴撴槸瀛樺偍鍦ㄤ竴璧風(fēng)殑鐩稿叧鏁版嵁鐨勯泦鍚堬紝榪欎簺鏁版嵁鏄粨鏋勫寲鐨勶紝鏃犳湁瀹崇殑鎴栦笉蹇呰鐨勫啑浣欙紝騫朵負(fù)澶氱搴旂敤鏈嶅姟錛涙暟鎹殑瀛樺偍鐙珛浜庝嬌鐢ㄥ畠鐨勭▼搴忥紱瀵規(guī)暟鎹簱鎻掑叆鏂版暟鎹紝淇敼鍜屾绱㈠師鏈夋暟鎹潎鑳芥寜涓縐嶅叕鐢ㄧ殑鍜屽彲鎺у埗鐨勬柟寮忚繘琛屻傚綋鏌愪釜緋葷粺涓瓨鍦ㄧ粨鏋勪笂瀹屽叏鍒嗗紑鐨勮嫢騫蹭釜鏁版嵁搴撴椂錛屽垯璇ョ郴緇熷寘鍚竴涓?#8220;鏁版嵁搴撻泦鍚?#8221;銆?br />
浠涔堟槸鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗙郴緇?
鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗙郴緇?Database Management System)鏄竴縐嶆搷綰靛拰綆＄悊鏁版嵁搴撶殑澶у瀷杞歡錛屾槸鐢ㄤ簬寤虹珛銆佷嬌鐢ㄥ拰緇存姢鏁版嵁搴擄紝綆縐癉BMS銆傚畠瀵規(guī)暟鎹簱榪涜緇熶竴鐨勭鐞嗗拰鎺у埗錛屼互淇濊瘉鏁版嵁搴撶殑瀹夊叏鎬у拰瀹屾暣鎬с傜敤鎴烽氳繃DBMS璁塊棶鏁版嵁搴撲腑鐨勬暟鎹紝鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗗憳涔熼氳繃DBMS榪涜鏁版嵁搴撶殑緇存姢宸ヤ綔銆傚畠鎻愪緵澶氱鍔熻兘錛屽彲浣垮涓簲鐢ㄧ▼搴忓拰鐢ㄦ埛鐢ㄤ笉鍚岀殑鏂規(guī)硶鍦ㄥ悓鏃舵垨涓嶅悓鏃跺埢鍘誨緩绔嬶紝淇敼鍜岃闂暟鎹簱銆?/p>
鎸夊姛鑳藉垝鍒嗭紝鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗙郴緇熷ぇ鑷村彲鍒嗕負(fù)6涓儴鍒嗭細(xì)
(1)妯″紡緲昏瘧錛氭彁渚涙暟鎹畾涔夎璦(DDL)銆傜敤瀹冧功鍐欑殑鏁版嵁搴撴ā寮忚緲昏瘧涓哄唴閮ㄨ〃紺恒傛暟鎹簱鐨勯昏緫緇撴瀯銆佸畬鏁存х害鏉熷拰鐗╃悊鍌ㄥ瓨緇撴瀯淇濆瓨鍦ㄥ唴閮ㄧ殑鏁版嵁瀛楀吀涓傛暟鎹簱鐨勫悇縐嶆暟鎹搷浣?濡傛煡鎵俱佷慨鏀廣佹彃鍏ュ拰鍒犻櫎絳?鍜屾暟鎹簱鐨勭淮鎶ょ鐞嗛兘鏄互鏁版嵁搴撴ā寮忎負(fù)渚濇嵁鐨勩?/p>
(2)搴旂敤紼嬪簭鐨勭紪璇戯細(xì)鎶婂寘鍚潃璁塊棶鏁版嵁搴撹鍙ョ殑搴旂敤紼嬪簭錛岀紪璇戞垚鍦―BMS鏀寔涓嬪彲榪愯鐨勭洰鏍囩▼搴忋?/p>
(3)浜や簰寮忔煡璇細(xì)鎻愪緵鏄撲嬌鐢ㄧ殑浜や簰寮忔煡璇㈣璦錛屽SQL銆侱BMS璐熻矗鎵ц鏌ヨ鍛戒護(hù)錛屽茍灝嗘煡璇㈢粨鏋滄樉紺哄湪灞忓箷涓娿?/p>
(4)鏁版嵁鐨勭粍緇囦笌瀛樺彇錛氭彁渚涙暟鎹湪澶栧洿鍌ㄥ瓨璁懼涓婄殑鐗╃悊緇勭粐涓庡瓨鍙栨柟娉曘?/p>
鈶鎬簨鍔¤繍琛岀鐞嗭細(xì)鎻愪緵浜嬪姟榪愯綆＄悊鍙?qiáng)杩愯鏃ュ織锛屼簨鍔q愯鐨勫畨鍏ㄦх洃鎺у拰鏁版嵁瀹屾暣鎬ф鏌ワ紝浜嬪姟鐨勫茍鍙戞帶鍒跺強(qiáng)緋葷粺鎭㈠絳夊姛鑳姐?/p>
(6)鏁版嵁搴撶殑緇存姢錛氫負(fù)鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗗憳鎻愪緵杞歡鏀寔錛屽寘鎷暟鎹畨鍏ㄦ帶鍒躲佸畬鏁存т繚闅溿佹暟鎹簱澶囦喚銆佹暟鎹簱閲嶇粍浠ュ強(qiáng)鎬ц兘鐩戞帶絳夌淮鎶ゅ伐鍏楓?/p>
鍩轟簬鍏崇郴妯″瀷鐨勬暟鎹簱綆＄悊緋葷粺宸叉棩鑷誨畬鍠勶紝騫跺凡浣滀負(fù)鍟嗗搧鍖栬蔣浠跺箍娉涘簲鐢ㄤ簬鍚勮鍚勪笟銆傚畠鍦ㄥ悇鎴鋒湇鍔″櫒緇撴瀯鐨勫垎甯冨紡澶氱敤鎴風(fēng)幆澧冧腑鐨勫簲鐢紝浣挎暟鎹簱緋葷粺鐨勫簲鐢ㄨ繘涓姝ユ墿灞曘傞殢鐫鏂板瀷鏁版嵁妯″瀷鍙?qiáng)鏁版嵁绠＄悊鐨勫疄鐜版妧鏈殑鎺ㄨ繘錛屽彲浠ラ鏈烡BMS杞歡鐨勬ц兘榪樺皢鏇存柊鍜屽畬鍠勶紝搴旂敤棰嗗煙涔熷皢榪涗竴姝ュ湴鎷撳銆?/p>
涓.鏁版嵁搴撳拰鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗙郴緇?br /> 1.浠涔堟槸鏁版嵁搴?浠涔堟槸鏁版嵁搴撶鐞嗙郴緇?
2.鍏崇郴鍨嬫暟鎹簱(鑼冨紡)?
3.鍏崇郴鍨嬫暟鎹簱綆＄悊緋葷粺
3.1.Oracle
3.2.MySQL
3.3.MS SQL Server
浜?緇撴瀯鍖栨煡璇㈣璦(SQL)
1.鏁版嵁瀹氫箟璇█(DDL) 鐢ㄤ簬鍒涘緩銆佷慨鏀廣佸垹闄ゆ暟鎹簱鐨勬暟鎹粨鏋勩?br /> 1.1鏁版嵁搴?br /> 鈶犲垱寤烘暟鎹簱
鈶¤繛鎺ユ暟鎹簱
鈶㈠垹闄ゆ暟鎹簱
1.2琛?br /> 鈶犲垱寤鴻〃(涓存椂琛?澶嶅埗琛?
鈶″垹闄よ〃
鈶慨鏀硅〃緇撴瀯,榛樿鍊?鑷闀?br /> 鈶ｇ害鏉熶笌鏁版嵁瀹屾暣鎬?涓婚敭,澶栭敭,闈炵┖,鍞竴,媯(gè)鏌?[娣?鍒?鏀筣
1.3瑙嗗浘
......
1.4
鈶犵儲寮?br /> 鈶″簭鍒?br /> 鈶㈣Е鍙戝櫒
......
闄凙 鏁版嵁綾誨瀷
2.鏁版嵁鎿嶄綔璇█(DML) 浜嶥DL涓嶅悓鐨勬槸錛孌ML鏇村叧蹇冪殑鏄瓨鍌ㄥ湪鏁版嵁搴撲腑鐨勬暟鎹紝鑰屼笉鏄暟鎹簱緇撴瀯鏈韓銆?br /> 2.1 娣誨姞鏁版嵁
鈶犵畝鍗曠殑鍗曡鎻掑叆
鈶″琛屾彃鍏?br /> 2.2鏇存柊鏁版嵁
鈶犵畝鍗曠殑鏇存柊鏁版嵁
鈶racle涓坊鍔犲叧閿瓧returning
鈶racle涓嬌鐢╳here current of 澶勭悊娓告爣
鈶ySQL涓坊鍔犲叧閿瓧limit
2.3鍒犻櫎鏁版嵁
鈶犱竴鑸殑Delete鍒犻櫎鏁版嵁
鈶′嬌鐢╰runcate鍒犻櫎鏁版嵁
2.4鑾峰彇鏁版嵁
2.4.1 綆鍗曟煡璇?select <鍒桝,鍒桞> form <琛ㄥ悕>;
2.4.2 琛ㄥ拰鍒楀悕娉ㄩ噴鍙?qiáng)鍒?br /> 2.4.3 榪斿洖璁＄畻鍒?鏁板璁＄畻,瀛楃涓茶繛鎺?
2.4.4 鎺掑簭 order by
2.4.5 榪囨護(hù)
鈶?where ( 榪炴帴榪愮畻絎and,or],姣旇緝榪愮畻絎= ,<>......],妯″紡鍖歸厤[like,...],闆嗗悎[in,botween])
鈶?distinct浣跨敤
鈶㈤檺瀹氳鏁?(mysql[limit],oracle[rownum])
鈶?澶勭悊null鍊?br /> 2.4.6 鏁版嵁姹囨?count , sum,avg,max,min...)
2.4.7 鏁版嵁鍒嗙粍 group by
2.4.8 having浣跨敤(where鍏堜簬鑱氬悎鍑芥暟鎵ц,涓嶈兘where涓嬌鐢ㄨ仛鍚堝嚱鏁板仛鍒ゆ柇,鍙兘鐢╤aving)
2.4.9 浣跨敤瑙ｆ瀽鍑芥暟(mysql涓嶆敮鎸?oracle鏀寔)
2.4.10 緇勫悎鏌ヨ
......
2.4.11 澶氳〃鏌ヨ
......
2.5鍑芥暟
2.6瀛樺偍榪囩▼
2.7浜嬪姟
3鏁版嵁鎺у埗璇█(DCL) 浠ｈ〃SQL璇彞鏀寔鐨勫彟涓縐嶅姛鑳斤紝鎺у埗瀵規(guī)暟鎹簱鐨勮闂?br />
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