最好的学习q程是看懂那些open source目中的build.xml脚本Q然后根据自q需要简化成一个更单的QANT和APACHE上很多非常工E派的项目：单易用，而且适应性非常强Q因些项目的建立往往来源于开发h员日常最直接的需求?br>以下是的一?a >
WebLucene应用的例子：修改?a >
JDOM的build.xmlQ?br>
<project default="usage" basedir=".">
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Initialization target -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="init">
<tstamp/>
<property file="${basedir}/build.properties" />
<property name="Name" value="ProjectFullName"/>
<property name="name" value="project_name"/>
<property name="version" value="0.2"/>
<property name="year" value="2003"/>
<echo message="----------- ${Name} ${version} [${year}] ------------"/>
<property name="debug" value="off"/>
<property name="optimize" value="on"/>
<property name="deprecation" value="on"/>
<property name="src.dir" value="./src/WEB-INF/src"/>
<property name="lib.dir" value="./src/WEB-INF/lib"/>
<property name="packages" value="com.chedong.*,org.apache.lucene.*"/>
<property name="build.src" value="./src/WEB-INF/build"/>
<property name="build.dest" value="./src/WEB-INF/classes"/>
<property name="build.javadocs" value="./src/doc"/>
<path id="classpath">
<pathelement path="${jsdk_jar}"/>
<fileset dir="${lib.dir}">
<include name="**/*.jar"/>
</fileset>
</path>
<filter token="year" value="${year}"/>
<filter token="version" value="${version}"/>
<filter token="date" value="${TODAY}"/>
<filter token="log" value="true"/>
<filter token="verbose" value="true"/>
</target>
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Help on usage -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="usage" depends="init">
<echo message="${Name} Build file"/>
<echo message="-------------------------------------------------------------"/>
<echo message=""/>
<echo message=" available targets are:"/>
<echo message=""/>
<echo message=" jar --> generates the ${name}.jar file"/>
<echo message=" build --> compiles the source code"/>
<echo message=" javadoc --> generates the API documentation"/>
<echo message=" clean --> cleans up the directory"/>
<echo message=""/>
<echo message=" Please rename build.properties.default to build.properties"/>
<echo message=" and edit build.properties to specify JSDK 2.3 classpath."/>
<echo message=""/>
<echo message=" See the comments inside the build.xml file for more details."/>
<echo message="-------------------------------------------------------------"/>
<echo message=""/>
<echo message=""/>
</target>
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Prepares the source code -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="prepare-src" depends="init">
<!-- create directories -->
<mkdir dir="${build.src}"/>
<mkdir dir="${build.dest}"/>
<!-- copy src files -->
<copy todir="${build.src}">
<fileset dir="${src.dir}"/>
</copy>
</target>
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Compiles the source directory -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="build" depends="prepare-src">
<javac srcdir="${build.src}"
destdir="${build.dest}"
debug="${debug}"
optimize="${optimize}">
<classpath refid="classpath"/>
</javac>
</target>
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Creates the class package -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="jar" depends="build">
<jar jarfile="${lib.dir}/${name}.jar"
basedir="${build.dest}"
includes="**"/>
</target>
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Creates the API documentation -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="javadoc" depends="build">
<mkdir dir="${build.javadocs}"/>
<javadoc packagenames="${packages}"
sourcepath="${build.src}"
destdir="${build.javadocs}"
author="true"
version="true"
use="true"
splitindex="true"
windowtitle="${Name} API"
doctitle="${Name}">
<classpath refid="classpath"/>
</javadoc>
</target>
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Clean targets -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="clean" depends="init">
<delete dir="${build.src}"/>
<delete dir="${build.dest}/org"/>
<delete dir="${build.dest}/com"/>
<delete>
<fileset dir="${build.dest}" includes="**/*.class"/>
</delete>
</target>
</project>
<!-- End of file -->
~省dQusage 打印帮助文Q告诉有那些d选项Q可用的有build, jar, javadoc和clean.
初始化环境变量：init
所有Q务都Z一些基本环境变量的讄初始化完成，是后l其他Q务的基础Q在环境初始化过E中Q有2Ҏ较可以方便设|：
1 除了使用却缺省的property讄了JAVA源\径和输出路径外，引用了一个外部的build.properties文g中的讄Q?br><property file="${basedir}/build.properties" />
q样大部分简单配|用户只要会看懂build.properties可以了Q毕竟XML比vkey value的属性文件还是要可读性差一些。用build.properties也可以方便其他用户从~译的细节中解放出来?br>
2 CLASSPATH讄Q用了其中的：
<path id="classpath">
<pathelement path="${jsdk_jar}"/>
<fileset dir="${lib.dir}">
<include name="**/*.jar"/>
</fileset>
</path>
则相当于讄了：CLASSPATH=/path/to/resin/lib/jsdk23.jar; /path/to/project/lib/*.jar;
文g复制Qprepare-src
创徏临时SRC存放目录和输出目录?br> <!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Prepares the source code -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="prepare-src" depends="init">
<!-- create directories -->
<mkdir dir="${build.src}"/>
<mkdir dir="${build.dest}"/>
<!-- copy src files -->
<copy todir="${build.src}">
<fileset dir="${src.dir}"/>
</copy>
</target>
~译dQbuild
~译时的CLASSPATH环境通过一下方式找到引用一个path对象
<classpath refid="classpath"/>
打包dQjar
对应用打包生成项目所写名?jar文g
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Creates the class package -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="jar" depends="build">
<jar jarfile="${lib.dir}/${name}.jar"
basedir="${build.dest}"
includes="**"/>
</target>
生成JAVADOC文档d: javadoc
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Creates the API documentation -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="javadoc" depends="build">
<mkdir dir="${build.javadocs}"/>
<javadoc packagenames="${packages}"
sourcepath="${build.src}"
destdir="${build.javadocs}"
author="true"
version="true"
use="true"
splitindex="true"
windowtitle="${Name} API"
doctitle="${Name}">
<classpath refid="classpath"/>
</javadoc>
</target>
清空临时~译文gQclean
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<!-- Clean targets -->
<!-- =================================================================== -->
<target name="clean" depends="init">
<delete dir="${build.src}"/>
<delete dir="${build.dest}/org"/>
<delete dir="${build.dest}/com"/>
<delete>
<fileset dir="${build.dest}" includes="**/*.class"/>
</delete>
</target>
TODOQ?br>更多d/扩展Q（样例Q?br>
E序代码