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<context-param>
    <param-name>webAppRootKey</param-name>
    <param-value>task.root</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <!-- 定義SPRING配置文件 -->
  
   <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>/WEB-INF/taskContext*.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
  
  <context-param>
    <param-name>log4jConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>/WEB-INF/log4j.properties</param-value>
  </context-param>
  <!-- 定義LOG4J監聽器 -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
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  <!-- 定義SPRING監聽器 -->

  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

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publicclass ContextLoaderListener implements ServletContextListener {
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  private ContextLoader contextLoader;
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  /**
   * Initialize the root web application context.
   *///當WEB上下文初始化時,系統會調用此方法publicvoid contextInitialized(ServletContextEvent event) {
    this.contextLoader = createContextLoader();
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//監聽到WEB上下文初始化的時候執行SPRING上下文contextLoader的初始化工作
    this.contextLoader.initWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());
}
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  /**
   * Create the ContextLoader to use. Can be overridden in subclasses.
   * @return the new ContextLoader
   */protected ContextLoader createContextLoader() {returnnew ContextLoader();
  }
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  /**
   * Return the ContextLoader used by this listener.
   */public ContextLoader getContextLoader() {return contextLoader;
  }
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  /**
   * Close the root web application context.
   */publicvoid contextDestroyed(ServletContextEvent event) {if (this.contextLoader != null) {
      this.contextLoader.closeWebApplicationContext(event.getServletContext());
    }}
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}

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public WebApplicationContext initWebApplicationContext(ServletContext servletContext)
      throws IllegalStateException, BeansException {
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    if (servletContext.getAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE) != null) {thrownew IllegalStateException(
          "Cannot initialize context because there is already a root application context 
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present - " +"check whether you have multiple ContextLoader* definitions in your web.xml!");
    }
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    long startTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
    if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
      logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization started");
    }
    servletContext.log("Loading Spring root WebApplicationContext");
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    try{// Determine parent for root web application context, if any.
      ApplicationContext parent = loadParentContext(servletContext);
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      // Store context in local instance variable, to guarantee that// it is available on ServletContext shutdown.
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//創建web上下文
      this.context = createWebApplicationContext(servletContext, parent);
      servletContext.setAttribute(
          WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, this.context);

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      if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {
        logger.info("Using context class [" + this.context.getClass().getName() +
            "] for root WebApplicationContext");
      }if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
        logger.debug("Published root WebApplicationContext [" + this.context +
            "] as ServletContext attribute with name [" +
            WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE + "]");
      }if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {long elapsedTime = System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime;
        logger.info("Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in " + elapsedTime + " 
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ms");}
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      return this.context;
    }catch (RuntimeException ex) {
      logger.error("Context initialization failed", ex);
      servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, ex);
      throw ex;
    }catch (Error err) {
      logger.error("Context initialization failed", err);
      servletContext.setAttribute(WebApplicationContext.ROOT_WEB_APPLICATION_CONTEXT_ATTRIBUTE, err);
      throw err;
    }}

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protected WebApplicationContext createWebApplicationContext(
      ServletContext servletContext, ApplicationContext parent) throws BeansException {//根據servletContext來決定要實例化的WebApplicationContext
    Class contextClass = determineContextClass(servletContext);
    if (!ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.class.isAssignableFrom(contextClass)) {thrownew ApplicationContextException("Custom context class [" + contextClass.getName() +
          "] is not of type ConfigurableWebApplicationContext");
    }
    ConfigurableWebApplicationContext wac =
        (ConfigurableWebApplicationContext) BeanUtils.instantiateClass(contextClass);
    wac.setParent(parent);
    wac.setServletContext(servletContext);
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    //得到WEB.XML中設置的SPRING配置文件位置
    String configLocation = servletContext.getInitParameter(CONFIG_LOCATION_PARAM);
    if (configLocation != null) {//把配置文件分段后設置到WebApplicationContext的ConfigLocations中
      wac.setConfigLocations(StringUtils.tokenizeToStringArray(configLocation,
          ConfigurableWebApplicationContext.CONFIG_LOCATION_DELIMITERS));
    }//刷新WebApplicationContext
    wac.refresh();
return wac;
  }

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protected Class determineContextClass(ServletContext servletContext) throws ApplicationContextException {//獲得需要實例化的CONTEXT類名,在web.xml中有設置,如果沒有設置,那么為空
    String contextClassName = servletContext.getInitParameter(CONTEXT_CLASS_PARAM);
    if (contextClassName != null) {try{return ClassUtils.forName(contextClassName);
      }catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {thrownew ApplicationContextException(
            "Failed to load custom context class [" + contextClassName + "]", ex);
      }}//如果在spring web.xml中沒有設置context類位置,那么取得默認contextelse{//取得defaultStrategies配置文件中的WebApplicationContext屬性
      contextClassName = defaultStrategies.getProperty(WebApplicationContext.class.getName());
      try{return ClassUtils.forName(contextClassName);
      }catch (ClassNotFoundException ex) {thrownew ApplicationContextException(
            "Failed to load default context class [" + contextClassName + "]", ex);
      }}}

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privatestaticfinal Properties defaultStrategies;
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  static{// Load default strategy implementations from properties file.// This is currently strictly internal and not meant to be customized// by application developers.try{//設置classpath為contextLoader同級目錄
      ClassPathResource resource = new ClassPathResource(DEFAULT_STRATEGIES_PATH, ContextLoader.class);
      //加載該目錄下的所有properties文件
      defaultStrategies = PropertiesLoaderUtils.loadProperties(resource);
}catch (IOException ex) {thrownew IllegalStateException("Could not load 'ContextLoader.properties': " + ex.getMessage());
    }}

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# Default WebApplicationContext implementation classfor ContextLoader.
# Used as fallback when no explicit context implementation has been specified as context-param.
# Not meant to be customized by application developers.
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#默認的WebApplicationContext為org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext
org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext=org.springframework.web.context.support.XmlWebApplicationContext

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publicclass XmlWebApplicationContext extends AbstractRefreshableWebApplicationContext {
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  /** Default config location for the root context */
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//配置了默認的spring配置文件publicstaticfinal String DEFAULT_CONFIG_LOCATION = "/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml";

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  //配置文件默認BUILD路徑publicstaticfinal String DEFAULT_CONFIG_LOCATION_PREFIX = "/WEB-INF/";
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  //配置文件默認后綴名publicstaticfinal String DEFAULT_CONFIG_LOCATION_SUFFIX = ".xml";
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  /**
   * Loads the bean definitions via an XmlBeanDefinitionReader.
   * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader
   * @see #initBeanDefinitionReader
   * @see #loadBeanDefinitions
   *///獲得bean配置protectedvoid loadBeanDefinitions(DefaultListableBeanFactory beanFactory) throws IOException {//從BEAN工廠獲得一個XmlBeanDefinitionReader 來讀取SPRING配置文件
    XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader = new XmlBeanDefinitionReader(beanFactory);
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    //設置beanDefinitionReader服務于當前CONTEXT// resource loading environment.
    beanDefinitionReader.setResourceLoader(this);
    beanDefinitionReader.setEntityResolver(new ResourceEntityResolver(this));
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    // Allow a subclass to provide custom initialization of the reader,// then proceed with actually loading the bean definitions.
    initBeanDefinitionReader(beanDefinitionReader);
//讀取配置文件
    loadBeanDefinitions(beanDefinitionReader);
}
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  /**
   * Initialize the bean definition reader used for loading the bean
   * definitions of this context. Default implementation is empty.
   * <p>Can be overridden in subclasses, e.g. for turning off XML validation
   * or using a different XmlBeanDefinitionParser implementation.
   * @param beanDefinitionReader the bean definition reader used by this context
   * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader#setValidationMode
   * @see org.springframework.beans.factory.xml.XmlBeanDefinitionReader#setDocumentReaderClass
   */protectedvoid initBeanDefinitionReader(XmlBeanDefinitionReader beanDefinitionReader) {}
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  /**
   * Load the bean definitions with the given XmlBeanDefinitionReader.
   * <p>The lifecycle of the bean factory is handled by the refreshBeanFactory method;
   * therefore this method is just supposed to load and/or register bean definitions.
   * <p>Delegates to a ResourcePatternResolver for resolving location patterns
   * into Resource instances.
   * @throws org.springframework.beans.BeansException in case of bean registration errors
   * @throws java.io.IOException if the required XML document isn't found
   * @see #refreshBeanFactory
   * @see #getConfigLocations
   * @see #getResources
   * @see #getResourcePatternResolver
   *///讀取配置文件protectedvoid loadBeanDefinitions(XmlBeanDefinitionReader reader) throws BeansException, IOException {
    String[] configLocations = getConfigLocations();
    if (configLocations != null) {for (int i = 0; i < configLocations.length; i++) {
        reader.loadBeanDefinitions(configLocations[i]);
      }}}
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  /**
   * The default location for the root context is "/WEB-INF/applicationContext.xml",
   * and "/WEB-INF/test-servlet.xml" for a context with the namespace "test-servlet"
   * (like for a DispatcherServlet instance with the servlet-name "test").
   *///獲得默認的ConfigLocationsprotected String[] getDefaultConfigLocations() {if (getNamespace() != null) {returnnew String[] {DEFAULT_CONFIG_LOCATION_PREFIX + getNamespace() + 
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DEFAULT_CONFIG_LOCATION_SUFFIX};
    }else{returnnew String[] {DEFAULT_CONFIG_LOCATION};
    }}

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publicint loadBeanDefinitions(String location) throws BeanDefinitionStoreException {
    ResourceLoader resourceLoader = getResourceLoader();
    if (resourceLoader == null) {thrownew BeanDefinitionStoreException(
          "Cannot import bean definitions from location [" + location + "]: no ResourceLoader available");
    }
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    if (resourceLoader instanceof ResourcePatternResolver) {// Resource pattern matching available.try{//根據配置文件讀取相應配置
        Resource[] resources = ((ResourcePatternResolver) resourceLoader).getResources(location);
int loadCount = loadBeanDefinitions(resources);
        if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
          logger.debug("Loaded " + loadCount + " bean definitions from location pattern [" + location + "]");
        }return loadCount;
      }catch (IOException ex) {thrownew BeanDefinitionStoreException(
            "Could not resolve bean definition resource pattern [" + location + "]", ex);
      }}else{// Can only load single resources by absolute URL.
      Resource resource = resourceLoader.getResource(location);
      int loadCount = loadBeanDefinitions(resource);
      if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
        logger.debug("Loaded " + loadCount + " bean definitions from location [" + location + "]");
      }return loadCount;
    }}

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public Resource[] getResources(String locationPattern) throws IOException {
    Assert.notNull(locationPattern, "Location pattern must not be null");
    if (locationPattern.startsWith(CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX)) {// a class path resource (multiple resources for same name possible)if (getPathMatcher().isPattern(locationPattern.substring(CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX.length()))) {// a class path resource patternreturn findPathMatchingResources(locationPattern);
      }else{// all class path resources with the given namereturn findAllClassPathResources(locationPattern.substring(CLASSPATH_ALL_URL_PREFIX.length()));
      }}else{// Only look for a pattern after a prefix here// (to not get fooled by a pattern symbol in a strange prefix).int prefixEnd = locationPattern.indexOf(":") + 1;
      if (getPathMatcher().isPattern(locationPattern.substring(prefixEnd))) {// a file patternreturn findPathMatchingResources(locationPattern);
      }else{// a single resource with the given namereturnnew Resource[] {getResourceLoader().getResource(locationPattern)};
      }}}

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protected Resource[] findPathMatchingResources(String locationPattern) throws IOException {
    String rootDirPath = determineRootDir(locationPattern);
    String subPattern = locationPattern.substring(rootDirPath.length());
    Resource[] rootDirResources = getResources(rootDirPath);
//collectionFactory初始化一個set容量為16
    Set result = CollectionFactory.createLinkedSetIfPossible(16);
    for (int i = 0; i < rootDirResources.length; i++) {
      Resource rootDirResource = rootDirResources[i];
      if (isJarResource(rootDirResource)) {
        result.addAll(doFindPathMatchingJarResources(rootDirResource, subPattern));
      }else{
        result.addAll(doFindPathMatchingFileResources(rootDirResource, subPattern));
      }}if (logger.isDebugEnabled()) {
      logger.debug("Resolved location pattern [" + locationPattern + "] to resources " + result);
    }return (Resource[]) result.toArray(new Resource[result.size()]);
  }

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publicvoid refresh() throws BeansException {if (ObjectUtils.isEmpty(getConfigLocations())) {//設置configLocations為默認的getDefaultConfigLocations()
      setConfigLocations(getDefaultConfigLocations());
    }
    super.refresh();
  }

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publicvoid refresh() throws BeansException, IllegalStateException {synchronized (this.startupShutdownMonitor) {
      this.startupTime = System.currentTimeMillis();
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      synchronized (this.activeMonitor) {
        this.active = true;
      }
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      // Tell subclass to refresh the internal bean factory.
      refreshBeanFactory();
      ConfigurableListableBeanFactory beanFactory = getBeanFactory();
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      // Tell the internal bean factory to use the context's class loader.
      beanFactory.setBeanClassLoader(getClassLoader());
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      // Populate the bean factory with context-specific resource editors.
      beanFactory.addPropertyEditorRegistrar(new ResourceEditorRegistrar(this));
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      // Configure the bean factory with context semantics.
      beanFactory.addBeanPostProcessor(new ApplicationContextAwareProcessor(this));
      beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ResourceLoaderAware.class);
      beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationEventPublisherAware.class);
      beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(MessageSourceAware.class);
      beanFactory.ignoreDependencyInterface(ApplicationContextAware.class);
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      // Allows post-processing of the bean factory in context subclasses.
      postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
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      // Invoke factory processors registered with the context instance.for (Iterator it = getBeanFactoryPostProcessors().iterator(); it.hasNext();) {
        BeanFactoryPostProcessor factoryProcessor = (BeanFactoryPostProcessor) it.next();
        factoryProcessor.postProcessBeanFactory(beanFactory);
      }
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      if (logger.isInfoEnabled()) {if (getBeanDefinitionCount() == 0) {
          logger.info("No beans defined in application context [" + getDisplayName() + "]");
        }else{
          logger.info(getBeanDefinitionCount() + " beans defined in application context [" + 
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getDisplayName() + "]");
        }}
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      try{// Invoke factory processors registered as beans in the context.
        invokeBeanFactoryPostProcessors();
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        // Register bean processors that intercept bean creation.
        registerBeanPostProcessors();
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        // Initialize message source for this context.
        initMessageSource();
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        // Initialize event multicaster for this context.
        initApplicationEventMulticaster();
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        // Initialize other special beans in specific context subclasses.
        onRefresh();
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        // Check for listener beans and register them.
        registerListeners();
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        // Instantiate singletons this late to allow them to access the message source.
        beanFactory.preInstantiateSingletons();
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        // Last step: publish corresponding event.
        publishEvent(new ContextRefreshedEvent(this));
      }
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      catch (BeansException ex) {// Destroy already created singletons to avoid dangling resources.
        beanFactory.destroySingletons();
        throw ex;
      }}}