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如何將BufferedImage實例保存為BMP文件

      要將BufferedImage實例保存為BMP文件，就需要知道BMP文件的格式，可以參考我轉載的文章：《BMP文件格式》。
      下面是我的將BufferedImage實例保存為24位色BMP文件的實現。
      首先是BMP文件相關的兩個頭結構：BMPFileHeader和BMPInfoHeader。

* Created on 2005-6-21

* TODO To change the template for this generated file go to

* Window - Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates

package org.lotus.image.codec.bmp;

/**

* Title: BMP文件的頭結構

* Description: BMP文件的頭結構固定是14個字節，其定義如下：

*

* byte[2] bfType; 指定文件類型，必須是0x424D，即字符串“BM”，也就是說所有.bmp文件的頭兩個字節都是“BM“

* byte[4] bfSize; 指定文件大小，包括這14個字節

* byte[2] bfReserved1; 保留字

* byte[2] bfReserved2; 保留字

* byte[4] bfOffBits; 為從文件頭到實際的位圖數據的偏移字節數

*

* Company: 21Lotus

* @author George Hill

* @version 1.0

class BMPFileHeader {

// Header data

private byte[] data = new byte[14];

public byte[] getData() {

return this.data;

}

// BMP file size

private int size;

public int getSize() {

return this.size;

}

private int offset;

public int getOffset() {

return this.offset;

}

BMPFileHeader(int size, int offset) {

this.size = size;

this.offset = offset;

data[0] = 'B';

data[1] = 'M';

int value = size;

data[2] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[3] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[4] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[5] = (byte) value;

value = offset;

data[10] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[11] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[12] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[13] = (byte) value;

}

* Created on 2005-6-21

* TODO To change the template for this generated file go to

* Window - Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates

package org.lotus.image.codec.bmp;

/**

* Title: BMP文件內容的頭結構

* Description: BMP文件內容的頭結構固定是40個字節，其定義如下：

*

* byte[4] biSize; 指定這個結構的長度，為40

* byte[4] biWidth; 指定圖象的寬度，單位是象素

* byte[4] biHeight; 指定圖象的高度，單位是象素

* byte[2] biPlanes; 必須是1，不用考慮

* byte[2] biBitCount; 指定表示顏色時要用到的位數，常用的值為1(黑白二色圖), 4(16色圖), 8(256色), 24(真彩色圖)

* byte[4] biCompression; 指定位圖是否壓縮

* byte[4] biSizeImage; 指定實際的位圖數據占用的字節數

* byte[4] biXPelsPerMeter; 指定目標設備的水平分辨率，單位是每米的象素個數

* byte[4] biYPelsPerMeter; 指定目標設備的垂直分辨率，單位是每米的象素個數

* byte[4] biClrUsed; 指定本圖象實際用到的顏色數，如果該值為零，則用到的顏色數為2biBitCount

* byte[4] biClrImportant; 指定本圖象中重要的顏色數，如果該值為零，則認為所有的顏色都是重要的

*

* Company: 21Lotus

* @author George Hill

* @version 1.0

class BMPInfoHeader {

private byte[] data = new byte[40];

public byte[] getData() {

return this.data;

}

private int width;

public int getWidth() {

return this.width;

}

private int height;

public int getHeight() {

return this.height;

}

public int bitCount;

public int getBitCount() {

return this.bitCount;

}

public BMPInfoHeader(int width, int height, int bitCount) {

this.width = width;

this.height = height;

this.bitCount = bitCount;

data[0] = 40;

int value = width;

data[4] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[5] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[6] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[7] = (byte) value;

value = height;

data[8] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[9] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[10] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[11] = (byte) value;

data[12] = 1;

data[14] = (byte) bitCount;

value = width * height * 3;

if (width % 4 != 0)

value += (width % 4) * height;

data[20] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[21] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[22] = (byte) value;

value = value >>> 8;

data[23] = (byte) value;

}

仿照com.sun.image.codec.jpeg.JPEGImageEncoder寫的接口類BMPEncoder。

* Created on 2005-6-21

* TODO To change the template for this generated file go to

* Window - Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates

package org.lotus.image.codec.bmp;

import java.awt.image.*;

import java.io.IOException;

/**

* Title:

* Description:

* Company: 21Lotus

* @author George Hill

* @version 1.0

public interface BMPEncoder {

public void encode(BufferedImage bi) throws IOException;

public static final int BIT_COUNT_BLACKWHITE = 1;

public static final int BIT_COUNT_16COLORS = 4;

public static final int BIT_COUNT_256COLORS = 8;

public static final int BIT_COUNT_TRUECOLORS = 24;

}

BMPEncoder接口的實現BMPEncoderImpl。

* Created on 2005-6-21

* TODO To change the template for this generated file go to

* Window - Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates

package org.lotus.image.codec.bmp;

import java.awt.image.*;

import java.io.*;

/**

* Title:

* Description:

* Company: 21Lotus

* @author George Hill

* @version 1.0

class BMPEncoderImpl implements BMPEncoder {

private OutputStream out;

public BMPEncoderImpl(OutputStream out) {

this.out = out;

}

public void encode(BufferedImage bi) throws IOException {

int width = bi.getWidth();

int height = bi.getHeight();

boolean needBlank = (width % 4 != 0);

int size = width * height * 3;

if (needBlank) {

size += (width % 4) * height;

}

BMPFileHeader fileHeader = new BMPFileHeader(size, 54);

BMPInfoHeader infoHeader = new BMPInfoHeader(width, height, BIT_COUNT_TRUECOLORS);

byte[] rgbs = new byte[3];

byte[] blank = new byte[width % 4];

out.write(fileHeader.getData());

out.write(infoHeader.getData());

int index = 0;

for (int y = height - 1; y >= 0; y--) {

for (int x = 0; x < width; x++) {

index += 3;

int rgb = bi.getRGB(x, y);

rgbs[0] = (byte) rgb;

rgb = rgb >>> 8;

rgbs[1] = (byte) rgb;

rgb = rgb >>> 8;

rgbs[2] = (byte) rgb;

out.write(rgbs);

if (needBlank && (index % (width * 3) == 0)) {

out.write(blank);

}

一個工廠類BMPCodec。

* Created on 2005-6-21

* TODO To change the template for this generated file go to

* Window - Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates

package org.lotus.image.codec.bmp;

import java.io.OutputStream;

/**

* Title:

* Description:

* Company: 21Lotus

* @author George Hill

* @version 1.0

public class BMPCodec {

public static BMPEncoder createBMPEncoder(OutputStream dest) {

return new BMPEncoderImpl(dest);

}

下面是我的測試用例：

* Created on 2005-6-22

* TODO To change the template for this generated file go to

* Window - Preferences - Java - Code Style - Code Templates

package org.lotus.test;

import java.awt.*;

import java.awt.image.*;

import java.io.*;

import junit.framework.TestCase;

import org.lotus.image.codec.bmp.*;

/**

* Title:

* Description:

* Company: 21Lotus

* @author George Hill

* @version 1.0

public class BMPCodecTest extends TestCase {

* @see TestCase#setUp()

protected void setUp() throws Exception {

super.setUp();

}

* @see TestCase#tearDown()

protected void tearDown() throws Exception {

super.tearDown();

}

public void testCreateBMPEncoder() throws Exception {

int width = 104;

int height = 100;

int size = width * height * 3;

if (width % 4 != 0)

size += (width % 4) * height;

size += 54;

BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);

Graphics g = image.getGraphics();

g.setColor(Color.WHITE);

g.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);

g.setColor(Color.BLUE);

g.setFont(new Font("宋體", Font.ITALIC, 20));

g.drawString("Hello", 30, 30);

BMPCodec.createBMPEncoder(new FileOutputStream("C:\\house\\test.bmp")).encode(image);

}

保存的BMP文件如圖：

posted on 2005-07-04 17:33 小米閱讀(3432) 評論(6) 編輯收藏所屬分類: Java

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