已動態創建表為例
(1)
public class DataType {
private int code;
private String SQLType;
private String localType = null;
private String params = null;
private boolean needsSetting = true;
public DataType(int code, String SQLType) {
this.code = code;
this.SQLType = SQLType;
}
public boolean needsToBeSet() {
return needsSetting;
}
public int getCode() {
return code;
}
public String getSQLType() {
return SQLType;
}
public String getLocalType() {
return localType;
}
public String getParams() {
return params;
}
public void setLocalTypeAndParams(String local, String p) {
if (needsSetting) {
localType = local;
params = p;
needsSetting = false;
}
}
}
(2)
import java.sql.*;
public class SQLTypesCreate {
public static void main(String [ ] args) {
String url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:oral";
String user="SYSTEM";
String pass="manager";
try {
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver").newInstance();
} catch(Exception e){System.out.println(e);}
try {
Connection con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, user,pass);
Statement stmt = con.createStatement();
String tableName;
// 創建表語句中的表名變量
String columnName;
// 列名變量
String sqlType;
// 數據類型變量
// 以上三個變量都是為了創建建表語句服務的
DataType [ ] typeArray = {
new DataType(java.sql.Types.BIT, "BIT"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.TINYINT, "TINYINT"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.SMALLINT, "SMALLINT"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.INTEGER, "INTEGER"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.BIGINT, "BIGINT"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.FLOAT, "FLOAT"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.REAL, "REAL"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.DOUBLE, "DOUBLE"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.NUMERIC, "NUMERIC"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.DECIMAL, "DECIMAL"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.CHAR, "CHAR"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.VARCHAR, "VARCHAR"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.LONGVARCHAR, "LONGVARCHAR"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.DATE, "DATE"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.TIME, "TIME"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.TIMESTAMP, "TIMESTAMP"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.BINARY, "BINARY"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.VARBINARY, "VARBINARY"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.LONGVARBINARY, "LONGVARBINARY"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.NULL, "NULL"),
new DataType(java.sql.Types.OTHER, "OTHER"),
};
//創建一個數組用用jdbc SQl數據類型的代碼和名字初始化,其它為null
//注意,以上出現的名字全部都是Types類中出現的
DatabaseMetaData dbmd = con.getMetaData();
//創建DatabaseMetaData對象,用來獲取數據庫的屬性
ResultSet rs = dbmd.getTypeInfo();
//獲取數據庫支持的SQL數據類型
while (rs.next()){
int codeNumber = rs.getInt("DATA_TYPE");
String dbmsName = rs.getString("TYPE_NAME");
String createParams = rs.getString("CREATE_PARAMS");
// 以下是本地數據庫支持的數據類型在jdbc中的映射號,本地名,參數
//System.out.println(codeNumber+" "+dbmsName+" "+createParams);
for (int i = 0; i < typeArray.length; i++) {
if (typeArray[i].getCode() == codeNumber) {
// 如果typeArray中的元素代碼等于本地數據庫類型的代碼,
// 就可以把typeArray中的類型名設成從DatabaseMetaData獲得的本地名
typeArray[i].setLocalTypeAndParams(
dbmsName, createParams);
System.out.println("匹配的code,SQLType,localType,params有:");
System.out.println(typeArray[i].getCode()+" "+
typeArray[i].getSQLType()+" "+
typeArray[i].getLocalType()+" "+
typeArray[i].getParams());
}
// 設定數組中的數據庫中的類型名和參數,打印出所有匹配的
}
// end for
}//end while
String tableNamePrompt = "輸入表名 " + "并回車 ";
tableName = getInput(tableNamePrompt);
String createTableString = "create table " + tableName + " (";
String commaAndSpace = ", ";
boolean firstTime = true;
while (true){
System.out.println("");
String columnNamePrompt = "輸入列名 " +"或不輸入任何數據然后回車: ";
columnName = getInput(columnNamePrompt);
if (firstTime) {
if (columnName.length() == 0) {
System.out.print("至少需要一列;");
System.out.println(" 請重試");
continue;
} else {
createTableString += columnName + " ";
// 繼續形成創建表的字符串
firstTime = false;
}
} else if (columnName.length() == 0) {
break;
// 不輸入列時那么創建語句的過程結束
} else {
createTableString += commaAndSpace
+ columnName + " ";
}
// 在成功接收到列名后,以下顯示可用的類型名
System.out.println("");
System.out.println("可用的類型名為: ");
for (int i = 0; i < typeArray.length; i++) {
if (! typeArray[i].needsToBeSet()) {
// 如果設置了本地數據庫中的名和參數,說明這個jdbc類型可以用
System.out.println(typeArray[i].getSQLType());
// 返回jdbc中對應的SQL類型名
}
}
System.out.println("");
int index;
while (true) {//循環直到輸入可用的類型
String typePrompt = "從列表中輸入列的類型 " +
"并回車";
sqlType = getInput(typePrompt);
for (index = 0; index < typeArray.length; index++) {
if (typeArray[index].getSQLType().
equalsIgnoreCase(sqlType)){
// 比較兩個字符串是否相等,不區分大小寫
// 如果有相等的說明輸入的類型是jdbc允許的類型,就跳出
break;
}
}
if (index < typeArray.length) {
// 如果index小于typeArray數組的個數,說明有匹配的
break;
// 跳出while(true)循環
}
System.out.println("");
System.out.print(sqlType + " 與允許的類型不匹配");
System.out.println("");
}
String params;
String localTypeName;
params = typeArray[index].getParams();
// 獲取類型的參數,此時的index是輸入的類型在數組中的索引
localTypeName = typeArray[index].getLocalType();
// 獲取數據庫中這種類型名
String paramString;
String parameterPrompt = "輸入 " + params + ": ";
paramString = "(" + getInput(parameterPrompt) + ")";
createTableString += localTypeName + paramString;
// 注意,形成創建表字符串的是用本地類型名,不是用jdbc中的類型名
// 前面輸入的時候用的是jdbc中的名字
}
// 創建語句輸入部分結束
createTableString += ")";
System.out.println("");
System.out.print("你輸入的創建表的語句是:");
System.out.println(createTableString);
System.out.println("");
stmt.execute(createTableString);
// 執行創建表的語句
rs=dbmd.getColumns(null,"SYSTEM",tableName.toUpperCase(),"%");
System.out.println("表的信息為:表名,列名,類型號,類型名");
while(rs.next()) {
System.out.print(rs.getString("TABLE_NAME")+" ");
System.out.print(rs.getString("COLUMN_NAME")+" ");
System.out.print(rs.getInt("DATA_TYPE")+" ");
System.out.println(rs.getString("TYPE_NAME"));
}
rs.close();
stmt.close();
con.close();
} catch(SQLException ex) {
System.err.println("SQLException: " + ex.getMessage());
}
}
public static String getInput(String prompt) throws SQLException {
System.out.print(prompt);
System.out.flush();
//清除所有字符
try {
java.io.BufferedReader bin;
//創建從字符輸入流中讀取文本的對象
bin = new java.io.BufferedReader(
//字符流為參數
new java.io.InputStreamReader(System.in));
//字節流為參數,轉化成字符流
String result = bin.readLine();
return result;
//返回 HP0-X02 1Y0-327 字符串
} catch(Exception e) {
System.out.println(e);
return "";
}
}
}