網上書店(jsp+servlet+javabean)
一. 過濾器的使用:
1. 對中文字符的處理:(若采用mssql略簡單,mysql需設置為UTF-8,本項目數據庫采用gb2312)
a. public class SetCharacterEncoding implements Filter { //必須實現接口類的所有方法
public SetCharacterEncoding() { super(); } public void destroy() { }
public void doFilter(ServletRequest request,ServletResponse response,FilterChain chain) throws IOException,ServletException{
request.setCharacterEncoding("gb2312");chain.doFilter(request,response); }
public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException { } }
b.除在請求與響應處理外,對數據庫的操作也進行過濾
url="jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/DB?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=GB2312";
c.也可以采取頁面函數進行字符編碼轉換:
<%! public String convert(String s){ try{
return new String(s.getBytes("ISO-8859-1"),"GB2312"); }
catch(Exception e){return null;} } %>
2. 對用戶權限的進行過濾,配置為:<url-pattern>/user/*</url-pattern> /表示項目全路徑
public class UserFilter implements Filter {
String PAGE="/bookshop/admin/admin1.jsp" ; protected FilterConfig filterConfig;
public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse res,
FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {
HttpServletRequest hreq=(HttpServletRequest)req;
HttpServletResponse hres=(HttpServletResponse)res;//只有Http才有session
HttpSession session=hreq.getSession(); String name="";
try{ name=(String)session.getAttribute("name");
if(name!=null){chain.doFilter(req, res);}else{hres.sendRedirect(PAGE);}}
catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace();} }
public void destroy(){this.filterConfig=null;}
public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
this.filterConfig=config; }}
二.CSS經典控制樣式:
.button {BORDER-RIGHT: #9ac3d8 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #cde7f4 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12px; BACKGROUND: #bedbea; BORDER-LEFT: #cde7f4 1px solid; COLOR: #0076c9; BORDER-BOTTOM: #9ac3d8 1px solid; FONT-STYLE: normal; FONT-FAMILY: 宋體, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; HEIGHT: 18px}
.inputbox { BORDER-RIGHT: #cccccc 1px solid; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 1px solid; FONT-WEIGHT: normal; FONT-SIZE: 12px; BACKGROUND: #ffffff; BORDER-LEFT: #cccccc 1px solid; COLOR: #666680; BORDER-BOTTOM: #cccccc 1px solid; FONT-FAMILY: 宋體, Courier, Helvetica, sans-serif }// <TABLE cellSpacing=2 cellPadding=0 align=center border=0>不同表格無縫
.txt_db { FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 12px; COLOR: #666680; LINE-HEIGHT: 23px; FONT-FAMILY: "宋體", "Courier", "Helvetica", "sans-serif"
.tb_dotted { BORDER-RIGHT: #cccccc 1px dotted; BORDER-TOP: #cccccc 1px dotted; BORDER-LEFT: #cccccc 1px dotted; BORDER-BOTTOM: #cccccc 1px dotted }
.top_tb_solid {BORDER-RIGHT: #cccccc 1px solid; BORDER-LEFT: #cccccc 1px solid; WIDTH: 768px; BORDER-BOTTOM: #cccccc 1px solid; HEIGHT: 25px; BACKGROUND-COLOR: #f2f2f2}
二. 管理員模塊:
1.如果沒有過濾器可以采用:<% String name=(String)session.getAttribute("name");
try { if(!name.equals("admin")){response.sendRedirect("/project/page.jsp"); } }
catch(Exception e){out.print("對不起，您不是管理員！"); }%>
2.防止空值出現而使單獨頁面無法調試:(雖然可以用空判斷但是空也可能指向一個內存地址)
<% String n=null; ResultSet rs=null;
n=request.getParameter("id"); rs=DBBean.executeQuery(sql);
if(rs!=null && rs.next()){ } %> <td> <%= rs.getInt("id") %></td>
3.用Servlet對JDBC進行封裝 action=”/project/servlet?id=”//此處要寫滿全路徑
public class UpdateServlet extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res)throws ServletException, IOException { try{ String myid=request.getParameter("id");
String sql="update table set title='"+title+"' "+"where id="+myid;
Connection conn=DBContext.getInstance.getConnection();//得到一個連接
Statement stmt=conn.createStatement(); int i=stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
if(i>0){response.sendRedirect("/project/page.jsp");}}
catch(Exception e){ e.printStackTrace();} }
public void doPost(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse res) throws ServletException, IOException{ doGet(req,res); } }
4.實現表單自動提交功能: <script language=javascript>
setInterval("document.表單名.submit()",10000000)</script>
三.登陸模塊:
1. javasript對登陸控制
<form name="form1" method="post" action="/project/servlet" onSubmit="return check()">
<SCRIPT language=javascript>
function check(){
var emailreg = /^[_a-z0-9]+@([_a-z0-9]+\.)+[a-z0-9]{2,3}$/;var pwdreg = /[a-z0-9]$/;
if ((document.form1.name.value)=="")
{window.alert ('用戶名不能為空');document.form1.name.focus();return false;}
else if ((document.form1.name.value.length)<3){window.alert ('長度不能小于3 ');
document.form1.name.focus();return false; }
else if (form1.password.value!=form1.password1.value)
{window.alert ('兩次輸入的密碼不一致');document.form1.pwd2.focus();return false;}
else if ((!emailreg.test(document.form1.email.value))&&(document.form1.email.value!=''))
{window.alert ('Email的格式不正確');document.form1.email.focus();return false;}
else return true; } </SCRIPT>
2.注冊時間類型的處理:因為sql.Date( )必須有Long Date參數,a.如果是在sql插入系統時間則
java.sql.Date date=new java.sql.Date(new java.util.Date().getTime());
3.忽視大小寫: if(name.equalsIgnoreCase("admin")&&paw.equalsIgnoreCase("admin"))
4.用戶判斷: <% String sql=" select count(*) from table where name like '"+name+"' ";
ResultSet rs=DBBean.executeQuery(sql); rs.next( );
int i=rs.getInt(1); if(i!=0) { session.setAttribute("name",name); } %>
5.為防止<%=param%>初次調用顯示為null:
<% String name=""; if(!session.isNew()){name=(String)session.getAttribute("name");
if(name==null) name="";} %>
6.用include根據用戶顯示界面:
<% String name1=null;name1=(String)session.getAttribute("name"); if(name1!=null){ %>
<form name="form1" class="inputbox" > 要顯示的內容:</form>
<% } if(name1= =null) { %>
<form action="forward.jsp" method="post" name="form1" class="inputbox"></form><% } %>
四.查詢模塊: <% ResultSet rs=null; String idh=request.getParameter("text");
String var=request.getParameter("select"); if(var.equals("按圖書編號查詢"))
{ rs=DDBean.executeQuery("select * from book where id like '%"+idh+"%'"); }
else if(var.equals("按圖書書名查詢"))
{ rs=DDBean.executeQuery("select * from book where title like '%"+idh+"%'"); }
if(rs!=null) { while(rs.next()){ %> 顯示內容: <% } } %>
五.購物車:頁面用到：DBBean，ShoppingCart，BookDB，BookDetails四個javaBean
1.添加，刪除和清空貨物：
<% if(request.getParameter("Add")!=null){
int id=Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("Add"));//把得到的參數轉換
BookDetails book=bookDB.getBookDetails(id); cart.add(id,book); }
else if(request.getParameter("Remove")!=null){
int id=Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("Remove")); cart.remove(id); }
else if(request.getParameter("Clear")!=null){ cart.clear();} %>
備注：若cart.add中的id是String類型：cart.add(new Integer(id).toString(),book);
2．顯示購物車書目總數：您的購物車內有<%=cart.getNumberOfItems()%> 本書
顯示購物車書目總價：總額;<%=cart.getTotal()%> 元
3．迭代循環顯示出每本書：
<% Iterator i=cart.getItems().iterator(); while(i.hasNext()){
ShoppingCartItem item=(ShoppingCartItem)i.next();
BookDetails book=(BookDetails)item.getItem(); %>
<tr>
<td><a href="showcart.jsp?Add=<%=book.getId()%>">添加</a> <%=item.getQuantity()%>/>
<td><a href="cartbook.jsp?id=<%=book.getId()%>"><%=book.getTitle()%></a></td>
<td align="center"><%=book.getPrice()%></td>
<td><a href="showcart.jsp?Remove=<%=book.getId()%>">刪除</a></td>
</tr> <% } %> <p><a href="showcart.jsp?Clear=clear">清空購物車</a></p>
4．對庫存的操作，可在顯示購物車的頁面顯示<%=saleAmount%>
購物車對庫存的操作(付帳頁面)： <& bookDB.buyBooks(cart);%>
5.得到超鏈接當前的路徑：<%=request.getContextPath()%>/page.jsp
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BookDetails.java(書的詳細信息)：
public class BookDetails {
private int id=0;
private String title=null;
private String name=null;
private float price=0;
private String description=null;
private String saleAmount=null;
public BookDetails( ){ }
public BookDetails(int id, String title, String name, float price, String description,String saleAmount)
getter/setter( ){ }
//有參構造方法供BookDB插入書籍
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ShoppingCartItem.java(將書封裝成一個類整體)：
public class ShoppingCartItem {
Object item; int quantity;
public ShoppingCartItem(Object anItem) {
item = anItem; quantity = 1; }
//有參構造方法ShoppingCart調用封裝書成類
public void incrementQuantity() { quantity++; }
public void decrementQuantity() { quantity--; }
public Object getItem( ) { return item; }
public int getQuantity( ) { return quantity; }}
//這兩個getter供BookDB和ShoppingCart調用
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BookDB.java是數據庫與購物車頁面之間的紐帶：
public class BookDB {
public BookDetails getBookDetails(int id)throws Exception{Connection conn=null;//得到具體書
PreparedStatement prepStmt=null; ResultSet rs=null;
try{conn=DBContext.getInstance.getConnection();
String selectStatement="select * from book where id=?";
prepStmt=conn.prepareStatement(selectStatement); prepStmt.setInt(1,id);
rs=prepStmt.executeQuery(); if(rs.next()){
BookDetails bd=new BookDetails(rs.getInt(1),rs.getString(2),rs.getString(3),
rs.getFloat(4),rs.getString(5), rs.getString(6));
prepStmt.close(); return bd; }else {return null;} }
finally{rs.close(); conn.close(); prepStmt.close(); } }
public void buyBooks(ShoppingCart cart)throws Exception{Connection conn=null;//對庫存的操作
Collection items=cart.getItems(); Iterator i=items.iterator();
try{ conn=DBContext.getInstance.getConnection(); conn.setAutoCommit(false); while(i.hasNext()){ ShoppingCartItem sci=(ShoppingCartItem)i.next();
BookDetails bd=(BookDetails)sci.getItem(); int id=bd.getId();
int quantity=sci.getQuantity(); buyBook(id,quantity,conn);}
conn.commit();conn.setAutoCommit(true);}
catch(Exception ex){conn.rollback();throw ex;} finally{conn.close(); } }
public void buyBook(int id,int quantity,Connection conn)throws Exception{//調用id和購買數量
PreparedStatement prepStmt=null;ResultSet rs=null;
try{ String selectStatement="select * from book where id=?";
prepStmt=conn.prepareStatement(selectStatement); prepStmt.setInt(1,id);
rs=prepStmt.executeQuery(); if(rs.next()){ prepStmt.close();
String updateStatement="update book set saleAmount=saleAmount-?where id=? ";
prepStmt=conn.prepareStatement(updateStatement);prepStmt.setInt(1, quantity);//第一個？
prepStmt.setInt(2, id); prepStmt.executeUpdate(); prepStmt.close(); } }
finally{ rs.close();prepStmt.close(); } } }
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ShoppingCart.java(購物車的實現功能)：
public class ShoppingCart{ HashMap items=null; int numberOfItems=0;//調用多個Item只能用散列表
public ShoppingCart() { items = new HashMap(); }//構造方法實例化一個散列表
public synchronized void add(int id, BookDetails book) { if(items.containsKey(id)) {
ShoppingCartItem scitem = (ShoppingCartItem) items.get(id);//調用散列表的get方法取出對象
scitem.incrementQuantity(); } else {
ShoppingCartItem newItem =new ShoppingCartItem(book); items.put(id,newItem);}
numberOfItems++; }//如果書存在了單種書+1，如果書不存在根據書的id存放在散列表里面
public synchronized void remove(int id) { if(items.containsKey(id)) {
ShoppingCartItem scitem = (ShoppingCartItem) items.get(id); scitem.decrementQuantity();
if(scitem.getQuantity() <= 0)items.remove(id); numberOfItems--; } }
protected void finalize( ) throws Throwable { items.clear(); }//用于釋放內存
public synchronized void clear() {items.clear(); numberOfItems = 0; }
//getter方法：
public synchronized Collection getItems( ) {return items.values(); }//values方法返回集合迭代
public synchronized int getNumberOfItems( ) { return numberOfItems; }
public synchronized double getTotal( ) { double amount = 0.0;
for(Iterator i = getItems().iterator(); i.hasNext(); ) {
ShoppingCartItem item = (ShoppingCartItem) i.next();//購物車的集合里面迭代Item書種的類
BookDetails bookDetails = (BookDetails) item.getItem();//每個Item又調用具體書目的信息
amount += item.getQuantity() * bookDetails.getPrice(); } return roundOff(amount); }
private double roundOff(double x) {long val = Math.round(x*100); return val/100.0; } }
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