本地中文化網址
http://wiki.javascud.org/display/ww2cndoc/Home
在線文檔
http://www.opensymphony.com/webwork/wikidocs
與
struts
的區別有實現國級化的時候，
struts
的
message
只能出現
5
個動態的值
也就像下面的信息
Your {0} ticket(s) for flight {1} have been booked.
The total cost is {2}. Your confirmation number is {3}.
Your flight leaves at {4} and arrives at {5}
需要分成兩段才能完成
<bean:message key="confirmation.msg1"
arg0="count" arg1="flightNumber" arg2="cost"/>
<bean:message key="confirmation.msg2"
arg0="confirmation" arg1="departure" arg2="arrival"/>
而
webwork
是無限制的，像上面的可以寫成這樣子
<ww:text name="confirmation.msg">
<ww:param value="count"/>
<ww:param value="flightNumber"/>
<ww:param value="cost"/>
<ww:param value="confirmation"/>
<ww:param value="departure"/>
<ww:param value="arrival"/>
</ww:text>
還有在web.xml里同指定webwork的tld所在位置
<taglib>
<taglib-uri>webwork</taglib-uri>
<taglib-location>
/WEB-INF/lib/webwork-2.1.7.jar
</taglib-location>
</taglib>
在很多書上都講上面可行，可是我卻報下面的錯．．．換成下面那種方式就ok了
org.apache.jasper.JasperException: Unable to initialize TldLocationsCache: null
也可以指定webwork.tld所在的位置也可以，，如
/WEB-INF/webwork.tld(webwork.tld拷到這下面來).
一個簡單的例子
?
import com.opensymphony.xwork.Action;
public class HelloWorldAction implements Action{
??? String greeting;
??? public String getGreeting() {
??????? return greeting;
??? }
??? public String execute() throws Exception {
??????? greeting = "Hello World!";
??????? return SUCCESS;
??? }
}
實現的action接口里面只有一個方法
?
interface Action {
String execute() throws Exception;
}
greetings.jsp
<%@ taglib prefix="ww" uri="webwork" %>
<html>
<head>
??? <title>First WebWork Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p><ww:property value="greeting"/></p>
</body>
</html>
xwork.xml 放到就用的classpath下面(也就web-inf/classes下面)
<action name="hello" class="HelloWorldAction">
<result name="success" type="dispatcher">
<param name="location">/greetings.jsp</param>
</result>
<interceptor-ref name="debugStack"/>
<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"/>
</action>
還有在web.xml里面加上webwork的一個加載類
<servlet>
??????? <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
??????? <servlet-class>com.opensymphony.webwork.dispatcher.ServletDispatcher</servlet-class>
??? </servlet>
??? <servlet-mapping>
??????? <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
??????? <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern>
??? </servlet-mapping>
ActionSupport
1:提供對錯誤信息的支持
?
action and field specific errors
?
field errors are automatically supported by views
–
2:國際化的支持
?
1 resource bundle per action
?
pervasive UI support for retrieving messages
?--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ActionSupport Example:
import com.opensymphony.xwork.ActionSupport;
public class HelloWorldAction extends ActionSupport{
??? String greeting;
??? public void setGreeting(String greeting) {
??????? this.greeting = greeting;
??? }
??? public String getGreeting() {
??????? return greeting;
??? }
??? public String execute() throws Exception {
??????? if (greeting.equals("") || greeting == null) {
??????????? addFieldError("greeting", getText("greeting"));
??????????? return ERROR;
??????? }
??????? return SUCCESS;
??? }
}
這里的getText("greeting")的greeting要與
HelloWorldAction.properties(放在與HelloWorldAction.class同級目錄下面，名稱也一樣)里的greeting=Enter your greeting please相同
上面的set.get其實與struts當中的ActionFrom類似．．
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="gbk"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="ui" uri="webwork" %>
<html>
<head>
??? <title>First WebWork Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="hello.action" method="post">
<table>
??? <ui:textfield label="歡迎語句" name="greeting"/>
??? <ui:submit value="'Submit'"/>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
這里的greeting要與HelloWorldActio.java里的屬性一致
如出現錯誤會顯示在當前頁，
如填上內容，就會相應的調用setGreeting()方法的．．
<%@ taglib prefix="ww" uri="webwork" %>
<html>
<head>
??? <title>First WebWork Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p><ww:property value="greeting"/></p>
</body>
</html>
把填的內容顯示出來
在xwork.xml里的<action>
也相應的變成
<action name="hello" class="helloWorld.HelloWorldAction">
???<result name="success" type="dispatcher">
????<param name="location">/greetings.jsp</param>
???</result>
???<result name="error" type="dispatcher">
????????? <param name="location">/index.jsp</param>
??????????? </result>
??</action>
------------------------------------------------------------
?
Model-Driven Actions vs. Field-Driven Actions
?
2 types of Actions possible:
(1)Field-Drivern上面的例子就是
(2)ModelDriven
package helloWorld;
public class Pet {
??? private long id;
?private String name;
??? public long getId() {
??????? return id;
??? }
??? public void setId(long id) {
??????? this.id = id;
??? }
??? public String getName() {
??????? return name;
??? }
??? public void setName(String name) {
??????? this.name = name;
??? }
}
--
package helloWorld;
import com.opensymphony.xwork.*;
public class AddPetAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven{
?Pet pet = new Pet();
??? public Object getModel() {
??????? return pet;
??? }
??? protected void doValidation() {
??????? if (pet.getId() == 0) {
??????????? addFieldError("id", "Please enter in an id number for you new Pet.");
??????? }
??? }
??? public String doExecute() throws Exception {
??????? if (hasErrors())
??????????? return ERROR;
??????? return SUCCESS;
??? }
}
需實現ModelDriven這個接口，它也只有一個方法
public Object getModel();
?在xwork.xml加上
<action name="addpet" class="helloWorld.AddPetAction">
???<result name="success" type="dispatcher">
????<param name="location">/petadded.jsp</param>
???</result>
???<result name="error" type="dispatcher">
????<param name="location">/addpet.jsp</param>
???</result>
???<interceptor-ref name="debugStack" />
???<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack" />
??</action>
還有兩個頁面分別用來添加和顯示用的
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="ui" uri="webwork" %>
<html>
<head>
??? <title>First WebWork Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="addpet.action" method="post">
<table>
??? <ui:textfield label="Pet ID Number" name="id"/>
??? <ui:textfield label="Name of Pet" name="name"/>
??? <ui:submit value="'Submit'"/>
</table>
</form>
</body>
</html>
-------petadded.jsp
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="ww" uri="webwork" %>
<html>
<head>
??? <title>First WebWork Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<p>Added a pet with the following properties:</p>
<ul>
??? <li>ID: <ww:property value="id"/></li>
??? <li>Name: <ww:property value="name"/></li>
</ul>
</form>
</body>
</html>