AOP作為Spring這個輕量級的容器中很重要的一部分，得到越來越多的關(guān)注，Spring的Transaction就是用AOP來管理的，今天就通過簡單的例子來看看Spring中的AOP的基本使用方法。

? 首先確定將要Proxy的目標(biāo)，在Spring中默認(rèn)采用JDK中的dynamic proxy，它只能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)接口的代理，如果想對類進(jìn)行代理的話，需要采用CGLIB的proxy。顯然，選擇“編程到接口”是更明智的做法，下面是將要代理的接口：

? public interface FooInterface {
??? public void printFoo();
??? public void dummyFoo();
? }
?
? 以及其一個簡單的實現(xiàn)：
?
? public class FooImpl implements FooInterface {
??? public void printFoo() {
????? System.out.println("In FooImpl.printFoo");
??? }
??? public void dummyFoo() {
????? System.out.println("In FooImpl.dummyFoo");
??? }
? }
?
? 接下來創(chuàng)建一個Advice，在Spring中支持Around,Before,After returning和Throws四種Advice，這里就以簡單的Before Advice舉例：
?
? public class PrintBeforeAdvice implements MethodBeforeAdvice {
??? public void before(Method arg0, Object[] arg1, Object arg2) throws Throwable {
????? System.out.println("In PrintBeforeAdvice");
??? }
? }
?
? 有了自己的business interface和advice，剩下的就是如何去裝配它們了，首先利用ProxyFactory以編程方式實現(xiàn)，如下：
?
? public class AopTestMain {
??? public static void main(String[] args) {
????? FooImpl fooImpl = new FooImpl();
????? PrintBeforeAdvice myAdvice = new PrintBeforeAdvice();
?????
????? ProxyFactory factory = new ProxyFactory(fooImpl);
????? factory.addBeforeAdvice(myAdvice);
????? FooInterface myInterface = (FooInterface)factory.getProxy();

????? myInterface.printFoo();
????? myInterface.dummyFoo();
??? }
? }
?
? 現(xiàn)在執(zhí)行程序，神奇的結(jié)果就出現(xiàn)了：
?
? In PrintBeforeAdvice
? In FooImpl.printFoo
? In PrintBeforeAdvice
? In FooImpl.dummyFoo
?
? 雖然這樣能體會到Spring中AOP的用法，但這決不是值得推薦的方法，既然使用了Spring，在ApplicationContext中裝配所需要 的bean才是最佳策略，實現(xiàn)上面的功能只需要寫個簡單的applicationContext就可以了，如下：
?
? <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
? <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
??? "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

? <beans>
??? <description>The aop application context</description>
??? <bean id="fooTarget" class="FooImpl"/>
??? <bean id="myAdvice" class="PrintBeforeAdvice"/>
?? ?<bean id="foo" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
???? <property name="proxyInterfaces">
?????? <value>FooInterface</value>
???? </property>
?????<property name="target">
?????? <ref local="fooTarget"/>
???? </property>
???? <property name="interceptorNames">
?????? <list>
???????? <value>myAdvice</value>
?????? </list>
???? </property>
??? </bean>
? </beans>

? 當(dāng)然，main中的代碼也要進(jìn)行相應(yīng)的修改：
????
? public static void main(String[] args) {
??? ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context = new?
?????????????ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
??? FooInterface foo = (FooInterface)context.getBean("foo");
??? foo.printFoo();
??? foo.dummyFoo();
? }
?
? 現(xiàn)在運行一下，結(jié)果將和上面的運行結(jié)果完全一樣，這樣是不是更優(yōu)雅？當(dāng)需要更改實現(xiàn)時，只需要修改配置文件就可以了，程序中的代碼不需任何改動。
?
? 但是，這時候會發(fā)現(xiàn)被proxy的object中的所有方法調(diào)用時都將運行advice中的before，這顯然不能滿足絕大多數(shù)情況下的需要，此時，只 需借用Advisor就可以了，當(dāng)然要在Advisor中利用pattern設(shè)置好哪些方法需要advice，更改applicationContext 如下：
?
? <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
? <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN"
??? "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd">

? <beans>
??? <description>The springeva application context</description>
?? ?<bean id="fooTarget" class="FooImpl"/>
??? <bean id="printBeforeAdvice" class="PrintBeforeAdvice"/>
??? <bean id="myAdvisor"
????????? class="org.springframework.aop.support.RegexpMethodPointcutAdvisor">
????? <property name="advice">
??????? <ref local="printBeforeAdvice"/>
????? </property>
????? <property name="pattern">
??????? <value>.*print.*</value>
????? </property>
??? </bean>
??? <bean id="foo" class="org.springframework.aop.framework.ProxyFactoryBean">
????? <property name="proxyInterfaces">
????????<value>FooInterface</value>
????? </property>
????? <property name="target">
??????? <ref local="fooTarget"/>
????? </property>
????? <property name="interceptorNames">
??????? <list>
????????? <value>myAdvisor</value>
??????? </list>
??????</property>
??? </bean>
? </beans>

? 主程序不需進(jìn)行任何修改，運行結(jié)果已經(jīng)變樣了：

? In PrintBeforeAdvice
? In FooImpl.printFoo
? In FooImpl.dummyFoo
?
? 至此，應(yīng)該已經(jīng)理解了Spring中AOP的使用方法，當(dāng)然Spring中AOP最重要的應(yīng)用是Transaction Manager，舉個這方面的applicationContext例子看看：
?
? <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
? <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "spring-beans.dtd">

? <beans>
??? <bean id="propertyConfigurer"???
???????? class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
????? <property name="location">
??????? <value>/WEB-INF/jdbc.properties</value>
??????</property>
?? ?</bean>
??? <bean id="dataSource"
????????? class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
????? <property name="driverClassName">
??????? <value>${jdbc.driverClassName}</value>
????? </property>
??????<property name="url">
??????? <value>${jdbc.url}</value>
????? </property>
????? <property name="username">
??????? <value>${jdbc.username}</value>
????? </property>
????? <property name="password">
??????? <value>${jdbc.password}</value>
????? </property>
??? </bean>
?? ?<bean id="sessionFactory"
????????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
????? <property name="dataSource">
??????? <ref local="dataSource"/>
????? </property>
????? <property name="mappingResources">
??????? <value>smartmenu.hbm.xml</value>
????? </property>
????? <property name="hibernateProperties">
??????? <props>
????????? <prop key="hibernate.dialect">${hibernate.dialect}</prop>
??????? </props>
????? </property>
??? </bean>
?
??? <bean id="transactionManager"???????
????????? class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate.HibernateTransactionManager">
????? <property name="sessionFactory">
??????? <ref local="sessionFactory"/>
????? </property>
??? </bean>
??? <bean id="smartmenuTarget" class="SmartMenuHibernate">
????? <property name="sessionFactory">
??????? <ref local="sessionFactory"/>
????? </property>
??? </bean>
?? ?<bean id="smartMenu"
??????? class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean">
????? <property name="transactionManager">
??????? <ref local="transactionManager"/>
????? </property>
????? <property name="target">
??????? <ref local="smartmenuTarget"/>
????? </property>
????? <property name="transactionAttributes">
??????? <props>
????????? <prop key="get*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
????????? <prop key="find*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,readOnly</prop>
??????? </props>
????? </property>
??? </bean>
? </beans>
?
? 要想徹底理解Spring的AOP，最好還是多看看源碼，開源就是好啊！